1. Subordinating conjunctions and transitions

2. Look at the examples of subordinating conjunctions and transitions .

3. Meaning Subordinating conjunctions Transitions one thing causes
or is the result of
another
because / since
Since the science of investigating the
brain is quite new, no theory of
intelligence has yet been proved
therefore / consequently
Many companies believe high IQs and
EQs are crucial factors for success.
Therefore, they often require
applicants to take IQ and EQ tests.

4. (even) though / although Some people have achieved
one thing
contrasts with
another thing
(even) though / although
Some people have achieved
extraordinary successes, even though
they don’t have high IQs.
however / nevertheless /
nonetheless
No theory of intelligence has yet been
proved. Nonetheles s , many
institutions believe success depends on
high IQs and EQs.
one thing will
occur only if a
specific condition
exists
unless
Unless a new theory emerges, our
abilities will continue to be measured
with IQ and EQ tests.
otherwise
He must have a high IQ. Otherwise,
he wouldn’t have gotten that job.
one thing is a
condition for
as long as / if / only if /
provided that
You will get that job as long as your
score on the IQ test is very high.
a condition that
doesn’ t matter
even if
One’s EQ can be high even i f one’s IQ
is low.

5. subordinating conjunction b. transition
Circle the letter of the best answer .
1. Which type of connecting word connects ideas within a sentence?
subordinating conjunction b. transition
2. Which type of connecting word connects ideas between sentences or paragraphs?
3. Which type of connecting word is always followed by a comma?
4. Which of these connecting words are used to introduce a result?
unless / otherwise b. therefore / consequently
5. Which of these connecting words is used to introduce a condition?
a. unless b. although

6. NOTE: However and therefore are sometimes used between the subject and the verb.
In that case, they are set off by commas
FIGURE IT OUT…
Check the correctly punctuated sentence.
􀀁 a. The IQ test however can be an accurate measure of intelligence only if there is a general intelligence.
􀀁 b. The IQ test, however, can be an accurate measure of intelligence only if there is a general intelligence
REMEMBER: Subordinating conjunctions introduce dependent clauses. If a dependent clause begins a sentence or shows contrast , use a comma
Check the correctly punctuated sentences.
1. a. Even if one’s IQ is low, one’s EQ can be high.
􀀁 b. Even if one’s IQ is low one’s EQ can be high.
2. a. One’s EQ can be high, even if one’s IQ is low.
􀀁 b. One’s EQ can be high even if one’s IQ is low