1. Chapter Two Federal and State Agencies: Protecting Our Borders

2. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 2 Federal Agencies Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Activated in January 2003 Directorate for Preparedness Science and Technology Directorate Management Directorate Office of Policy Directorate

3. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 3 Homeland Security Federal Emergency Management Agency Customs and Border Protection (CBP) Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) Office of Investigations Office of Detention and RemovalOperations Federal Protective Service Office of Intelligence

4. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 4 Homeland Security Office of Intelligence and Analysis Office of Operations Coordination Domestic Nuclear Detection Office Transportation Security Administration (TSA) Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC)

5. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 5 Homeland Security Citizenship and Immigration Services The Coast Guard The Secret Service

6. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 6 Department of Justice Headed by the attorney general Official legal arm of the government Serve as this nation’s contact with the International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) 56 field offices, approximately 400 resident agencies, more than 50 foreign liaison posts

7. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 7 FBI Top three priority areas 1.To protect the United States from terrorist attack 2.To protect the United States against foreign intelligence operations and espionage 3. To protect the United States against cyber- based attacks and high-technology crimes

8. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 8 FBI Recently, the FBI was given new powers to aid its reform efforts to battle terrorism Continues to investigate bank robberies, white-collar crimes, and organized crime and drug syndicates 12,200 agents

9. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 9 FBI National Academy Local police managers from across the country Ten Most Wanted Fugitives National Crime Information Center (NCIC) Stolen property, missing and wanted persons Uniform Crime Report (UCR)

10. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 10 Uniform Crime Report Crime data from more than 15,000 state and local police agencies Eight Part I or Index crimes Criminal homicide, forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, arson Twenty-one Part II crimes Crime Clock

11. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 11 Uniform Crime Report Shortcomings of UCR Does not include crimes not reported to the police The entire system is voluntary The reporting system is not uniform

12. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 12 Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) Part of the Justice Department Administers the U. S. Criminal Code provisions concerning alcohol and tobacco smuggling and diversion Enforces all federal laws relating to firearms, explosives, and arson Maintains a Bomb and Arson Tracking System

13. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 13 Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) Began with the passage of the Harrison Narcotics Act of 1914 In the 1920s, agents focused on organized gangs of Chinese immigrants suspected of importing opium Major responsibilities include: Development of overall federal drug- enforcement strategy

14. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 14 Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) Prosecution of suspects for violations of drug-trafficking laws Full coordination and cooperation with state and local police officials on joint drug-enforcement efforts Regulation of the legal manufacture of drugs and other controlled substances

15. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 15 U. S. Marshals Service (USMS) One of the oldest law enforcement agencies Established under the Judiciary Act of 1789 About 2,650 officers Pursue and arrest DEA fugitives, escaped federal prisoners, and provide secure environment for federal courts/judges

16. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 16 U. S. Marshals Service (USMS) Virtually every federal law enforcement initiative involves the USMS Special Operations Group (SOG) Witness Protection Program

17. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 17 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Not a law enforcement agency Participates in undercover and covert operations around the world Engages in research and development and deploys high technology for intelligence purposes Responsible to the president

18. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 18 Police Role and Accountability in China Household registration system and extensive surveillance Keep close contact with community residents Community policing works well Comprehensive management Chinese police have positive public image

19. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 19 Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Main function is the monitoring and collection of federal income taxes Criminal Investigation Division (CI) Investigates possible criminal violations of income tax laws and recommends appropriate criminal prosecution whenever warranted

20. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 20 Internal Revenue Service (IRS) IRS agent are armed They can execute search warrants, make arrests without warrants, and seize property related to violations of the tax laws Bank Secrecy Act Enforces wagering tax laws and investigations related to the pornography industry

21. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 21 Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC) Established in 1970 and is part of the Treasury Department Offers law enforcement training for personnel from many federal agencies Significant surge in hiring by federal agencies after September 11 attacks

22. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 22 State Agencies State bureaus of investigation (SBI) State’s equivalent to FBI Usually report to the state’s attorney general Investigate both criminal and civil cases involving the state and/or municipal jurisdictions

23. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 23 State Agencies Provide technical support to local agencies in the form of lab or record services and may assist in investigating more serious crimes State police organizations 42.9% of states use the title State Police 42.9% of states use either State or Highway Patrol

24. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 24 State Police Organizations Hawaii has no state agency About 58,000 full-time sworn personnel in 49 state law enforcement agencies Perform a variety of nontraffic functions SWAT Search and Rescue Drug units

25. Policing America, 6 th edition Kenneth Peak © 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved. 25 State Police Organizations 28.9% deploy bicycle patrols 18.4% maintain foot patrols 18.4% have marine patrols 51.0% use motorcycle patrols Data collection for the purpose of identifying, reducing, and preventing any bias-based policing