1. Submarines Mark Feinberg

2. Background -Used by both the Confederate States of America and Also the Union -Union condemned submarine warfare -CSA is more famous for using submarines -Submarines were considered to be illegal, so there is little official information about them -Union Submarine program main objective: clear out harbors with confederate ships -Confederate Submarine program main objective: break the Union’s blockade

3. Different Submarines -F irst submarine during the Civil War was the CSS David -The David managed to damage a Union ironclad ship and a few other Union ships -First Union Submarine was the USS Alligator -The USS Alligator was designed by French immigrant Brutus de Villeroi -The Alligator was oar-propelled, and her first objective was to destroy a bridge and clear obstructions on the Appomattox and James Rivers -Both rivers were too shallow for the Alligator, so it returned to base -The Alligator’s next mission was to destroy the ironclad ship called the Virginia II, but the Alligator was too unwieldy and weak, so the attack was never carried out -Once the oars were replaced with a propeller, the Alligator was going to be used to capture Charleston, SC, but the ship towing the Alligator got caught in a storm, and the it had to be released -currently, the location of the USS Alligator is unknown

4. CSS Hunley -Considered to be the most famous submarine used in the Civil War -After completion in 1863, submarine went to Charleston, SC -When being tested in Charleston, dive lever was accidentally pulled -5 out of the 8 crewmen drowned -the Hunley was later salvaged and tested again -during this round of testing, the skipper incorrectly pulled out of a dive and crashed the sub -with high ocean pressure, the hatches couldn’t be opened, and the crew perished, along with the sub’s inventor, Horace Hunley -the Hunley was again salvaged and used in action on February, 17, 1864 against the USS Housatonic -The torpedo used to sink the Housatonic was attached to the end of the Hunley -After some distance, the explosive was detonated and the Housatonic sunk in 5 minutes -The Hunley never returned to base, and was not found until 1970

5. CSS Hunley Pictures

6. USS Alligator and CSS David Pictures

7. Bibliography http://www.americancivilwarstory.com/civil-war-submarine.html http://americancivilwar.com/tcwn/civil_war/naval_submarine.html http://www.navyandmarine.org/ondeck/1862submarines.htm http://www.uh.edu/engines/epi381.htm news.nationalgeographic.com http://historum.com/american-history/31600-sinking-h-l-hunley-what-caused.html http://shemcreeksc.com/blog/discover-shipwrecks-ocean-layer/ http://schnorkel.blogspot.com/2006/01/noaa-to-resume-search-for-uss.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_submarine_Alligator_(1862) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS_David