1. BLOCKADE RUNNERS GREYSON PETTUS HIS 121 NOVEMBER 23, 2014

2. BLOCKADE RUNNERS-INTRODUCTION During the Civil War, the Union forces of the North attempted to cut off the South from the rest of the world. This blockade targeted the main ports of the Confederate States, including New Orleans, Wilmington, Charleston, and the Chesapeake Bay Region of Virginia. For monetary gain, crews headed out to foreign ports to sell Southern goods, and to buy necessary goods that could be sold to the Confederates for profit. These ships are blockade runners, and they helped to keep the South alive during their fight against the North.

3. BLOCKADE RUNNERS Blockade Runners consisted of ships built by British investors and privately owned American ships Running the Blockade was extremely dangerous, however, there was a extremely high success rate https://cavernofcarnage.wordpress.com/acw- naval/confederate-navy/confederate-blockade-runners/css- advance/

4. THE ANACONDA PLAN The Anaconda Plan was a three part plan to reunite the North and the South. The first aspect, to blockade the South, created a need for blockade runners. Most blockade runners operated out of the major ports that the North was blockading Major ports include New Orleans, Mobile, Galveston, Charleston, Wilmington, and Norfolk http://www.loc.gov/item/99447020/

5. BRITISH INVESTORS AND BLOCKADE RUNNERS Many British Investors that wished to protect their investment also invested in having blockade runners built. These ships were the fastest blockade runners of the time period The profit gain of having a blockade runner was very high

6. DESIGN OF BLOCKADE RUNNER This shows the design of a blockade runner, and then how it was applied in real life, to the CSS Robert E. Lee http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-usn/usnsh-f/ft-dnlsn.htm http://users.wowway.com/~jenkins/ironclads/famous.htm

7. DESIGN OF BLOCKADE RUNNERS Blockade runners were designed just for speed. At the beginning of the blockade, anyone could escape the novice Navy captains of the Union By the end of the war, only the steam-powered vessels,0 like the ones shown on the previous slide, could outrun the Union Navy

8. DANGERS OF BEING A BLOCKADE RUNNER Dangers of blockade running includes running aground and being caught or being destroyed by Union ships. Ships that were caught were burned or became part of the blockade. http://users.wowway.com/~jenkins/ironclads/ironclad.htm

9. FAMOUS BLOCKADE RUNNERS Mary Celestia CSS Advance CSS Robert E. Lee Syren Lynx

10. THE MARY CELESTIA The Mary Celestia was an English built blockade runner that had an extremely short career, being released in February of 1864 and running aground of Bermuda in May of 1864. This ship carried government mandated supplies into the port of Wilmington, NC, and into the Cape Fear River from Bermuda and Europe. The Mary Celestia is well known for tossing out all of its cargo in order to outrun a Union warship. The Mary Celestia ran aground on a reef near Gibbs Point Lighthouse in Bermuda, carrying mandated goods to Wilmington. The Mary Celestia is still at the same location it sank and is a popular scuba diving destination. http://waittfoundation.org/mary-celestia-shipwreck-150- yr-old-wine-found

11. CSS ADVANCE The Advance was built in Great Britain and launched in 1862. She was bought by the state of North Carolina, and served as a blockade runner until September of 1864. The Advance made 20 successful voyages. The Advance was captured trying to leave Wilmington, NC, and became the USS Advance. The Advance later became the USS Frolic, and was sold to the public as the Frolic. http://www.navsource.org/archives/12/120994403.jpg

12. CSS ROBERT E. LEE The CSS Robert E. Lee was sold to Confederacy by Alexander Collie & Co., Manchester. This blockade runner is known for outrunning the USS Iroquois. The CSS Robert E. Lee made 10 voyages in its ten months as a blockade runner. It was captured by the USS James Adger after leaving Bermuda in 1863. http://www.cfcwrt.com/newsletter09-11.html

13. THE SYREN The Syren was a British built, privately owned blockade runner. She was owned by the Charleston Importing and Exporting Company. She made a record of 33 runs, the most out of any of the Civil War Era blockade runners. She was captured in Charleston harbor, along with the Celt, Deer, and Lady Davis in 1865.

14. THE LYNX The Lynx was a privately owned blockade runner, just like the Syren. The Lynx was heading for Bermuda when it was damaged by three US navy ships. It stopped six miles out from Fort Fisher in Wilmington. The crew escaped along with the cargo it carried, including $ 50,000 in gold. The Union burned the remnants of the ship.

15. THE END OF BLOCKADE RUNNERS As Southern ports were captured, blockade runners had a harder time getting into ports After Charleston Harbor, and Wilmington’s Cape Fear River were captured, Atlantic Blockade Running almost completely vanished After New Orleans, and Mobile Bay were captured, Gulf Blockade Running almost completely vanished as well. The end of the Civil War brought around the true end of blockade running.

16. WORKS CITED "Blockade Runner - Civil War Academy - American Civil War." Civil War Academy American Civil War. Accessed November 24, 2014. http://www.civilwaracademy.com/blockade-runner.html. Douglas, Stewart. "Secrets of a Confederate Blockade Runner." ACWS Newsletter. Accessed November 22, 2014. http://acws.co.uk/archives/index.php?page=confederate_blockade_runner&dir=history. Jenkins, Mark. "Famous Blockade Runners." Famous Blockade Runners. Accessed November 22, 2014. http://users.wowway.com/~jenkins/ironclads/famous.htm. Soley, James. "Blockade!" Civil War Trust. Accessed November 24, 2014. http://www.civilwar.org/education/history/navy-hub/navy-history/blockade.html. Chicago formatting by BibMe.org.