3. to run to play to go to eat to jump

5. to escape Can YOU find them in these sentences? 3. Let’s run home to get my soccer cleats. 6. The bumblebee wanted to fly home. 5. My sister went to the store to buy some shoes. 1. The baby went to sleep. to get to fly to buy To lose 4. To lose weight was his only desire. 2. The lion at the zoo was able to escape with some help from the monkeys. to sleep

6. Do NOT confuse an infinitive phrase with a prepositional phrase beginning with “to”! REMEMBER - an infinitive has a verb after the word “to.” Prepositional phrase = to the store Infinitive phrase = to buy bread Prepositional phrase = to the park Infinitive phrase = to park the car

7. So, now that you know what infinitive phrases are, let’s practice finding them together. to destroy the enemy 3. Carmelo was going to work four days a week after school. 1. The dog wanted to run around the block. to work four days a week after school to earn a doctorate degree 4. The man’s goal was to earn a doctorate degree. 2. To destroy the enemy, Optimus Prime gathered his troops. to run around the block

8. to buy some shoes ( remember, “to the store” is a prepositional phrase) to get my soccer cleats to escape with some help from the monkeys 1. The baby went to sleep after lunch. to sleep after lunch 3. Let’s run home to get my soccer cleats. 5. The bumblebee wanted to pollinate the flower. 6. My sister went to the store to buy some shoes. to pollinate the flower To lose weight 4. To lose weight was his only desire. 2. The lion at the zoo was able to escape with some help from the monkeys. Can YOU find them in these sentences?

9. Infinitives are NOT considered the verb in a sentence. I want to play with my friends. (verb) (infinitive) They function as: a noun (Marianna wanted to pass.) an adjective (She brought home a book to study over the weekend.) or an adverb (The father worked hard to provide for his family.) in the sentence.

10. When an infinitive functions as a NOUN, it will be the subject, a predicate noun, or a direct object in the sentence. A predicate noun is also called a predicate nominative, but we will refer to it as a predicate noun in this lesson. ______________ subject The infinitive is functioning as a noun in this sentence because “to run” is the subject of the sentence. The infinitive phrase is “to run in the Boston Marathon.” INFINITIVE AS A NOUN To run in the Boston Marathon is what he trained for all summer. INFINITIVE AS THE SUBJECT

11. _________________ subject To graduate from high school was his fondest wish. The infinitive is functioning as a noun in this sentence because “to graduate” is the subject of the sentence. The infinitive phrase is “to graduate from high school.” _____________ subject To dance is her dream. The infinitive is functioning as a noun in this sentence because “to dance” is the subject of the sentence.

12. To win the race, I will need perseverance. To win is NOT acting as a noun because the infinitive phrase “to win the race” is not the subject, “I” is.

13. An infinitive/infinitive phrase that acts as a predicate noun follows a linking verb and renames the subject. INFINITIVE AS A PREDICATE NOUN The infinitive phrase is functioning as a noun in the sentence because it is a predicate noun. The infinitive phrase “to sell all of her Girl Scout cookies” is renaming Shelly’s goal. Shelly’s goal is to sell all of her Girl Scout cookies. _____________________________________________ predicate noun

14. Her dream was to dance. __________ predicate noun The infinitive is functioning as a noun in the sentence because it is a predicate noun. The infinitive “to dance” is renaming her dream. Alex’s wish was to win his wrestling tournament. _________________________________________ predicate noun The infinitive phrase is functioning as a noun in the sentence because it is a predicate noun. The infinitive phrase “to win his wrestling tournament” is renaming Alex’s wish.

15. An infinitive/infinitive phrase that acts as an adjective modifies a noun or pronoun. INFINITIVE AS AN ADJECTIVE Mike has an essay to write. The infinitive phrase is functioning as an adjective in the sentence because “to raise money” tells which idea was a success. Her idea to raise money was a success. ____________________ adjective ___________ adjective The infinitive phrase is functioning as an adjective in the sentence because “to write” tells what kind of essay he has.

16. The dog to walk is the brown one. ___________ adjective The infinitive phrase is functioning as an adjective in the sentence because “to walk” tells which dog.

17. An infinitive/infinitive phrase that acts as an adverb explains WHY an action ( verb ) is done or modifies an adjective by answering HOW. INFINITIVE AS AN ADVERB Another way to check if the infinitive is an adverb is to take the infinitive out of the sentence. If the sentence still makes sense, it may be functioning as an adverb. There are ways to check if an infinitive is functioning as an adverb: Often, if you insert the words “in order” in front of an adverb infinitive, the sentence will still make sense.

18. Teresa baked bread to sell at the bake sale. ___________________________________ adverb The infinitive phrase is functioning as an adverb in the sentence because “to sell at the bake sale” tells WHY Teresa baked bread. You also can insert the phrase “in order’ in front of the infinitive phrase: Teresa baked bread IN ORDER to sell at the bake sale. Finally, if you take out this infinitive phrase, the sentence still makes sense. The infinitive phrase is functioning as an adverb in the sentence because “to prepare for the game” tells WHY we worked out. ____________________________________ adverb Finally, if you take out this infinitive phrase, the sentence still makes sense. You also can insert the phrase “in order’ in front of the infinitive phrase: We worked out after school IN ORDER to prepare for the game. We worked out after school to prepare for the game.

19. Tells why he gathered his troops 3. The gift to wrap is the one on the bed. 1. The dog wanted to run around the block. Tells which gift Predicate noun 4. The man’s goal was to earn a doctorate degree. 2. To destroy the enemy, Optimus Prime gathered his troops. Direct object LET’S PRACTICE TOGETHER! Identify the function of these infinitive phrases. _________________________ __________ __________________________ ______________________________ Noun Adverb Adjective Noun

20. tells which detention tells why he missed tells how hungry Alex went home after the game to eat. He hadn’t been able to eat breakfast or lunch. First, he missed breakfast to study for a test. Then, on his way to second period, he needed to stop at his locker. This made him late to class, and so he was given a detention to serve at lunch. direct object tells why Alex went He was too hungry to stay. _________ _______ ______________________________ _______________________ _______________________ ____________________ NOW YOU DO IT! Identify the infinitive phrase and its function. Adverb Noun Adverb Noun Adjective