1. Human Rights and Economy DISCUSSING THE RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND PROGRAM: DESIGNING THE ROADMAP THE RIGHT TO DEVELOPMENT: THE MEANING OF A PRINCIPLE Nicoletta Palumbo San Leucio - Caserta, 11/11/2010

2. Human Rights and Economy THE RTD WAS FIRST RECOGNIZED IN THE RECOGNIZED IN THE “AFRICAN CHARTER ON “AFRICAN CHARTER ON HUMAN AND HUMAN AND PEOPLES’ RIGHTS” IN 1981 ART.22 1.All peoples shall have the right to their economic, social and cultural development with due regard to their freedom and identity and in the equal enjoyment of the common heritage of mankind. 2.States shall have the duty, individually or collectively, to ensure the exercise of the right to development.

3. Human Rights and Economy THE U.N. GENERAL ASSEMBLY DECLARATION ON THE RIGHT TO DEVELOPMENT 1986 (DRTD): DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT IS A HUMAN RIGHT. ART.1 The Right to Development is an inalienable human right by virtue of which every human person and all peoples are entitled to participate in, contribute to, and enjoy economic, social, cultural and political development, in which all human rights and fundamental freedoms can be fully realized.

4. Human Rights and Economy THE DEBATES SURROUNDING THE RTD REMAIN HIGHLY POLITICISED BETWEEN NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN GOVERNMENTS. The main points of disagreement concern: -The nature of the RTD -The identification of duty and rights holders -The suitable balance between its national and international levels

5. Human Rights and Economy The RTD regards not only economic development, but also the political, social and cultural aspects of development. The RTD is a comprehensive process which aims at the constant improvement of the well being of the entire population and of all individuals (Preamble of the DRTD). The Independent Expert on the RTD described such right as a vector composed of various elements including economic, social and cultural rights as well as all the civil and political rights.

6. Human Rights and Economy THE RBA EMPHASIZES RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES THE HUMAN PERSON IS IDENTIFIED AS THE BENEFICIARY OF THE RTD. THE RTD COULD ALSO BE INVOKED BY STATES. The RBA removes the charity dimension of development by emphasising rights and responsibilities and shift the focus from the concept of human needs to the dimension of rights.

7. Human Rights and Economy THE DECLARATION ON THE RTD IS TOO VAGUE TO IDENTIFY THE DUTY BEARERS AND THEIR OBLIGATIONS AND IT IS SUBJECT TO DIFFERENT INTERPRETATIONS. The Declaration affirms the principle of the right to development which requires further clarification and needs to be translated into clear rights and duties.

8. Human Rights and Economy In today ’ s era of globalization the RTD does not refer to the relationship between the two goups of States, but such right belongs to all countries and its implementation on a global scale depends on the contribution of all States. The RTD is now closely associated with the concepts of partnership and shared responsibilities The DRTD appears incomplete because it does not mention the concept of sustainability that is now always associated with the concept of development It is also important to assess the role that other actors besides the States play in promoting human rights and development, as non-state actors

9. Human Rights and Economy THE RTD BELONGS TO REALM OF PRINCIPLES THE REALM OF PRINCIPLES. CONDUCT OF GOVERNMENTS. Economic and social development RTD

10. Human Rights and Economy Many Thanks! Facoltà di Studi Politici ‘Jean Monnet’ Seconda Università di Napoli sito reale del Belvedere di San Leucio Via del Setificio n. 15 - 80123 - San Leucio - Caserta ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Prof. Maria Clelia Ciciriello and Prof. Alessandro Costa