1. History and past of “Digital Ecosystems” Workshop: Review of the user needs Digital Ecosystems : re-tuning user requirements F. Nachira European Commission DG-INFSO - Unit “ICT for Business” Head of Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems“ F. Nachira European Commission DG-INFSO - Unit “ICT for Business” Head of Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems“

2. European Commission Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise NEtworking 2 Knowledge and Business networking : SMEs and local clusters in the knowledge-based global economy SMEs: from a limited environment to a global dynamic competition - need of: more interrelations; more specialised resources (marketing, legal issues, know) more R&D / innovation; accessing to global value chain; accessing to knowledge Growth Node Business EcosystemIndustrial District How to reach the critical mass of resources ? large organisations, virtual enterprises, local clusters,... Virtual cluster

3. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 3 Ecosystems Biological Ecosystem A system of organisms occupying a habitat, together with those aspects of the physical environment with which they interact (The New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary 1993) A community of living organisms with air, water and other resources (The Merriam-Webster Third New Int’l Dictionary of the English Language 1986) Different views to ecosystem metaphor (biological, industrial, economy as an ecosystem, digital business ecosystem)

4. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 4 Economy as an Ecosystem Social science approach Sees global economy as an entity Organizations and consumers are the organisms of the ecosystem Competition, specialization, co- operation, exploitation, learning, growth (Rothschild 1990)

5. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 5 “An economic community supported by a foundation of interacting organizations and individuals “the organisms of the business world” Customers, lead producers, competitors, and other stakeholders “The keystone species” Business Ecosystem: J.F. Moore Ecosystem

6. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 6 A large number of loosely interconnected participants who depend on each other for their mutual effectiveness and survival Keystone, dominator, hub landlord, niche player Productivity, robustness, niche creation Business Ecosystem: Iansiti, Levien Ecosystem

7. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 7 E-business view Integrated electronic business: Ecosystem consists of an interacting system of web sites and physical entities There is often one highly linked species Gradual birth of new businesses and the death of old ones Business Ecosystem: Power, Jerjian Ecosystem Derivative work from Mirva Peltoniemi, Elisa Vuori Tampere University of Technology

8. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 8 “Digital environment” populated by “digital species” The environment enables species to behave like species in the natural world –Evolve –Interact –Become extinct Digital Ecosystem: EC - EC-funded initiative to enhance the development of SMEs - ICT support for business ecosystems - aiming at regional innovation and growth

9. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 9 Ecosystem of applications built around their platform (e.g. SAP NetWeaver) It includes a developer community building a set of services and a “service oriented architecture” on top of their platform Built on a proprietary technology, the owner sets the standards and the core architecture Digital Ecosystem: L.E. view

10. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 10 Digital Ecosystem the pervasive “digital environment” supports the business ecosystems is populated by “digital components” evolves and adapts to local conditions with the evolution of the components THE SOFT SUPPORT INFRASTRUCTURE, OFFERS AND TRANSPORTS SERVICES & INFORMATION (knowledge) EMPOWERING THE NETWORKING

11. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 11 What is a Digital Component ? could be: software components, applications, services, knowledge, business processes and models, training modules, contractual frameworks, law....... and hopefully a mixture of these A USEFUL IDEA, EXPRESSED IN A LANGUAGE (formal or natural), LAUNCHED ON THE NET, WHICH CAN BE PROCESSED (by computers and/or humans)

12. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 12 Technical Infrastructure Legal Framework & Financial Conditions Human Capital, Knowledge & Practices Governance & Industrial Policy Business Ecosystems the local conditions shaping the economy “create a favorable environment for business”: [Kok rep.] a business ecosystem create a favorable environment for business and people a socio-economic eco- system

13. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 13 Digital Ecosystems the technical infrastructure supporting the Business Ecosystems Computing & Telecom. Infrastructure Knowledge of Business & Organisational Models Structured Architecture Protocols & Mechanisms Community Which ICT technology ? How to establish the infrastructure which supports the transition from industrial district to business ecosystem ?

14. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 14 European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 Evolution in ICT-adoption: Increased complexity in business networking

15. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 15 ICTs catalyse improve New organizational & business models Policy supports The Digital Ecosystem integrated approach RESEARCH INNOVATION DEPLOYMENT “Digital Ecosystem Infrastructure” Derivative work from P.Dini - London School of Economics Crucial condition for economic growth is a broad deployment and use of ICT by enterprises and public institutions… The Lisbon objective for the Information Society cannot be reached through research alone. R&D useless if other complementary policy instruments are not developed and used effectively. [5yA] Growth Competitiveness, market & internal efficiency Cooperation & innovation networks improve lead to encourage provide resources Open Source Evolutionary infrastructure make viable shape & foster supports support Biology enhances

16. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 16 European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 A representation of the digital ecosystem

17. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 17 European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 A representation of the digital ecosystem

18. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 18 European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 A representation of the digital ecosystem

19. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 19 European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 A representation of the digital ecosystem

20. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 20 European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 A representation of the digital ecosystem

21. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 21 European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 A representation of the digital ecosystem

22. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 22 European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 A representation of the digital ecosystem

23. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 23 European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 A representation of the digital ecosystem

24. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 24 European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira November 2004 Layers in the digital ecosystems [2002] Framework, Middleware, Infrastructure Platform Applications and processes Semantic Platform

25. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 25 Layers in the industrial view [2005] A service-oriented platform

26. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 26 The digital ecosystem approach... PHYSICAL ARCHITECTURE MIDDLEWARE AND BASIC SERVICES INFRASTRUCTURE PLATFORM Service Registry Service Ontology Domain Model SEMANTIC PLATFORM (e.g. PROCESS MODELLING) BUSINESS ECOSYSTEM FADARecommender SECTOR SPECIFIC SERVICES ORTOGONAL SERVICES (e.g. TRUST)

27. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 27... a systemic approach to enterprises global collaboration open-source, public, distributed pervasive environment - spontaneous evolution, adaptation and composition of services, digital content and sw components - embedding business rules, revenue models, ontologies...

28. Support region to develop and maintain the Ecosystem infrastructure; Big Software Company Develop Software component for Big Enterprises platform Two co-existing production chains (for components and solutions) Big and SME software companies provide solutions Research and other initiatives Rent/Provide Software Solutions to SME Digital Ecosystem 1

29. Support region to develop and maintain the Ecosystem infrastructure; Software SME Big Software Company DE infrastructure Develope tools and metodology allowing faster and cheaper component development Develop Software component for SME Rent/Provide Software Components to SME Two co-existing production chains (for components and solutions) Big and SME software companies cooperate in order to fully leverage the potential of the SME market creating business models based on their complementary market characteristics: Research and other initiatives Digital Ecosystem 2 Derivative work from Angelo Corallo University of Lecce - eBME

30. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira April 2005 Technologies for Digital Ecosystems cluster present, past, future Launch of the concept Discussion paper “Towards a network of digital business ecosystems fostering local development” Spring 2003 - workshops FP6 - call1 - 2003 3 IP proposals DBE project started in November 2003 2005 six regions acting as pilot (3+ 3) regions joined Results initial sw results to be released in open-source (May) contribution in innovations and standards (OMG) concept of ecosystem “contaminated” platforms mainstream in industry and development policy strategies Future research./.

31. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 31 Local Ecosystem co-funded by the project Local Ecosystem associated to the project Potential future take-up local ecosystems DBE pilot regions (M 2004)

32. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira April 2004 32 Mission of “ICT for Enterprise Networking” Unit (D5) Support research in ICT deemed to be crucial for the delivery of distributed and collaborative ambient intelligence- based solutions for the product lifecycle and of innovative inter- and intra-organisational systems and services in the enterprise environment. Special emphasis will be placed on digital “business ecosystems”, new intelligent and networked products, and the interoperability of enterprise sw and applications Orientation * technology driven policy driven * long-term vision + intermediate results * industry-driven user needs driven * ICT supporting growth of business ecosystems and enterprise networking Stimulate targeted international co-operations and strengthen the co-ordination of research activities and the convergence of research and innovation policies, at national, regional and EU levels

33. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 The e-Business Clusters - call 1-3

34. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 The e-Business Clusters - 2005

35. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society and Media Unit D5 : ICT for Enterprise Networking - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems” F.Nachira Brussels April 2004 The e-Business Clusters - 2005

36. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira April 2005 36 ICT for Networked Business - FP6 call 5 Key Objectives Key Objectives –Software solutions adaptable to the needs of local/regional SMEs, supporting organisational networking and process integration –Software solutions adaptable to the needs of local/regional SMEs, supporting organisational networking and process integration –Distributed collaborative ambient intelligence-based network- oriented systems for efficient, effective and secure product and service creation and delivery –Distributed collaborative ambient intelligence-based network- oriented systems for efficient, effective and secure product and service creation and delivery Focus Focus –Digital business ecosystems for SMEs –Digital business ecosystems for SMEs open-source distributed self-adaptive environment and models enabling SMEs to cooperate for design, development of flexible and adaptable components interoperable with proprietary systemsopen-source distributed self-adaptive environment and models enabling SMEs to cooperate for design, development of flexible and adaptable components interoperable with proprietary systems Support of spontaneous composition, sharing distribution of business solutions and knowledgeSupport of spontaneous composition, sharing distribution of business solutions and knowledge –Extended products and services –Extended products and services decentralised architectures ; new approaches to business processesdecentralised architectures ; new approaches to business processes –Horizontal actions –Horizontal actions IPR and legal issues raised by os, networked and collaborative paradigmsIPR and legal issues raised by os, networked and collaborative paradigms 46 MEuro

37. European Commission - Directorate-General Information Society Unit D5 : ICT for Business - Sector “Technologies for Digital Ecosystems”F.Nachira April 2005 37 Digital Ecosystems in FP7 ? 6 Technology Pillars 6 Technology Pillars e.g. Software, Grids, trust and dependability e.g. Software, Grids, trust and dependability e.g. Embedded Systems e.g. Embedded Systems e.g. Nano/electronics e.g. Nano/electronics...... 1 Nano/Bio/Cogno convergence 1 Nano/Bio/Cogno convergence 4 Multi-technology, Multi-disciplinary Integration 4 Multi-technology, Multi-disciplinary Integration e.g. Personal environments e.g. Personal environments e.g. Robotic Systems e.g. Robotic Systems...... 4 Application Poles 4 Application Poles e.g. ICT for trust and confidence e.g. ICT for trust and confidence e.g. ICT supporting business and industry e.g. ICT supporting business and industry New forms of dynamic netw., interoperable co-operative business models & processes, digital eco-systems strengthening capacity of SME clusters… …manufacturing of miniature and integrated ICT products… –… –… based on your input and needs