1. IMPLEMENTION OF EU WATER POLICIES for ACCESSION In TURKEY JORDAN-DEAD SEA, 23 MARCH 2011 Elif Ceyda TORCU Sector Manager Environment & Sustainable Development

2. Introduction Support to Pre-accession – –Economic and political criteria – –Transposition and implementation of EU acquis communautaire – –Preparation for future participation in structural funds Objectives

3. 1. 1. Free movement of goods 2. 2. Free movement of persons 3. 3. Free movement of services 4. 4. Free movement of capital 5. 5. Public Procurement 6. 6. Company Law 7. 7. Intellectual Peroperty Law 8. 8. Competition Policy 9. 9. Financial services 10. 10. Information society and media 11. 11. Agriculture and Rural Development 12. 12. Food Safety, Veterinary and Phytosanitary Policy 13. 13. Fisheries 14. 14. Transport Policy 15. 15. Energy 16. 16. Taxation 17. 17. Economic and Monetary Policy 18. 18. Statistics 19. 19. Employment and social policy 20. 20. Enterprise and Industrial Policy 21. 21. Trans European Networks 22. 22. Regional Policy and Coordination of Structural Instruments 23. 23. Judiciary and Fundamental Rights 24. 24. Justice Freedom and Security 25. 25. Science and Research 26. 26. Education and Culture 27. 27. Environment 28. 28. Consumer protection and health 29. 29. Customs Union 30. 30. External Relations 31. 31. Foreign, Security and Defence Policy 32. 32. Financial control 33. 33. Financial and Budgetary Provisions 34. 34. Institutions 35. 35. Other issues Aquis Chapters Negotiations

4. ENVIRONMENT IN EU ACCESSION EU Environment acquis comprises one of the most challenging chapters in a candidate country with its legislative, institutional and financial aspects.

5. Negotiations Progress Report 2010: There has been little progress in the area of water quality. Legislation on the control of water pollution was amended so as to regulate permit procedures. A high-level steering committee for water quality management was set up in order to increase coordination among the institutions involved and with the aim to develop strategies and policies for further alignment with the acquis. The institutional framework for water management is fragmented and not organised at river basin level. A number of basin protection action plans have been drafted, which will eventually be converted into river basin management plans. Transboundary consultations on water issues are still at a very early stage. Turkey signed with Greece a joint declaration providing for increased cooperation on the management of the Meric/Evros river basin. Chapter 27: Environment

6. PLANNING FOR IMPLEMENTATION Preparation of the national approximation strategy (transposition,DSIPs and financing plans) Carrying out technical assistance and capacity building projects for transposition and implementation of the EU acquis (Water, Waste, Chemicals, Air, Industry, etc). Preparation for Infrastructure Investment Projects

7. Estimated Total Cost of EU Environmental Compliance for Turkey 1 Other sectors are Horizontal, Air, Waste, Nature, Industry, Chemicals, Nuclear and Noise Sector Staff cost (M €) TA cost (M €) Investment cost (M €) Total implementation cost (M €) Water0,916,137,62937,646 Others 1 999,61537,430,37132,923 Total1,000.51,553.568,00070,569 Water Costs for Water constitutes more than half of that of other sectors under Environment by 53 %

8. Environment Public Sector Investment Needs and Financing Million € Year

9. IMPLEMENTATION Project Selection and Prioritisation (PEPA)-with environmental, health, economic, technical criteria Preparation of projects in accordance with EU Environmental Acquis Grant Financing up to %85 of the non revenue generating part (FUNDING GAP) Under the Coordination of the Relevant Turkish Institutions (MoEF,EUSG,SPO)

10. INSTRUMENT for PRE-ACCESSION ASSISTANCE IPA (2007-2013) Component I Technical Assistance and IB Component II Regional and Cross-border Cooperation Component III Regional Development Operational Programme (TR) Operational Programme (ENV) Operational Programme (RC) Component IV Human Resources Operational Programme (HRD) Component V Rural Development

11. Project implementation  Environmental Heavy Cost Investment Planning- 2002  Water for Human Consumption-2004  Biocidals-2004  Water Framework Directive (Büyük Menderes Basin)-2006  Nitrate Directive-2007  TA for Project Preparation-2005  Dablas (Yeşilırmak Basin)-2006  Capacity Building (MoEF & İller Bank) Completed Projects

12. Project implementation  IPPC Directive (96/61/EC)-2009  Water Quality Monitoring-2009  Bathing Water Monitoring-2010  Flood Risk Management-2010  Preparation of River Basin Management Plans-2011 Programmed Projects

13. Project implementation  Şanlı Urfa Drinking water project (21 M € MEDA 1996)  Nevşehir WWTP  Tokat WWTP (17 M€ 2006 Programme) INFRASTRUCTURE

14. Project implementation Planned Infrastructure projects under IPA Drinking Water Akçaabat, Bulancak, Doğubeyazıt, Erciş, Erzincan, Manavgat, Nizip, Silvan (ca. 180 million € total cost) Waste Water: Ordu, Turhal, Sorgun, Kars, Palu-Kovancılar, Adıyaman, Aksaray, Akşehir, Bartın, Ceyhan, Çarşamba, Diyarbakır, Erdemli, Erzurum, Lüleburgaz, Merzifon, Polatlı, Seydişehir, Siverek, Soma (ca. 550 million € total cost)

15. SELECTED PROJECT Nevşehir WWTP Project purpose A reduction of the pollution loads to the Kızılırmak River, in order to improve water quality of the river. The Kızılırmak River is used for fresh water supply to the city of Ankara as of May 2008 and,also used for irrigation, energy production, fishing and recreational activities and eventually flows into the Black Sea.

16. SELECTED PROJECT Nevşehir WWTP Project description The WWTP project will serve Nevşehir center as well as tree adjacent municipalities (Nar, Göre and Uçhisar) and two villages (Çardak and Güvercinlik) The treatment plant will be an extended aeration activated sludge plant with servicing a population of 125,000 persons and 9,000 industrial p.e.(population equivalent). The discharge will meet the effluent requirements of the EU directives as well as Turkish effluent requirements.

17. Nevşehir WWTP Current status of implementation Service: Contract Value: 1,233,656 € Commencement Date: 17 March 2008 Consultant:Sweco-Tempo Consortium (Sweden-Turkey) The technical assistance includes training and institutional strengthening to the municipality and the supervision of the WWTP construction Works: Works: Contract Value: 5,419,700 € Contract Value: 5,419,700 € Commencement Date: 17 March 2008 Commencement Date: 17 March 2008 Contractor: Hidrotek-OTV SA JV (Turkey-France) Contractor: Hidrotek-OTV SA JV (Turkey-France) Construction completed and taken into operation in the summer of 2010.

18. Nevşehir WWTP Schematic Plan

19. Nevşehir WWTP Work Site

20. Nevşehir WWTP Completed

21. urban waste Water Marine Strategy Nitrates Flood IPPC & other industry discharges chemicals pesticides biocides landfills sewage sludge drinking water bathing water Measures under Water Framework Directive Coordination of all other measures EU WATER POLICY

22. WFD Key Elements Protecting all waters, surface and ground watersProtecting all waters, surface and ground waters Covering all impacts on waters.Covering all impacts on waters. Good quality (‘good status’) to be achieved, as a rule, byGood quality (‘good status’) to be achieved, as a rule, by2015 Water quality defined in terms of biology, chemistry andWater quality defined in terms of biology, chemistry andmorphology Daughter Directives on Groundwater and (future) PriorityDaughter Directives on Groundwater and (future) Priority Substances are part of WFD

23. 23 WFD BASINS IN TURKEY Population: 73.7 Million, Surface Area: 779,452 km2 Shoreline: 8.333 km TR has 25 river basins and over 120 natural lakes. Consumable ground and surface water potential: 112 billion m3/year. Anticipated to be a water-stressed country by 2030. Precipitation: limited to 5 to 6 months per year. Surface Water Pollution is an issue. Source: MoEF & OP ENV 2007-2011

24. 24 River basin management 1. 1. Characteristics of the basin 2. 2. Pressures and impacts 3. 3. Protected areas 4. 4. Monitoring 5. 5. Environmental Objectives 6. 6. Economic analysis 7. 7. Program of measures 8. 8. Register of other plans 9. 9. Public information and consultation 10. 10. Competent authorities 11. 11. Addresses for further background information Applied in the Büyük Menderes River basin

25. 25 Status of surface water bodies Büyük Menderes Basin Source: MoEF

26. Example Dokuzsele river basin - characteristics Location: Upstream area of Büyük Menderes (near Usak) Water quality status: bad Pressures Organized industrial zone (textile and leather industry) Waste water treatment plant is not effective Source: MoEF

27. Water body Dokuzsele 2 - example In order to achieve the objectives for the Dokuzsele water body the following has to be realized: Reduce nitrogen emission with 200.000 kg Source: MoEF

28. 28 Table 1: costs of ongoing policies Table 2: costs of additional policies

29. 29 The Yeşilırmak River Basin Black Sea Source: DABLAS, ERM-Solventa

30. 30 The Yeşilırmak Basin is the area immediately behind the Black Sea Mountains The south end is the continuation of one of the mid Anatolian plateaus The basin’s narrowest point: 30.5 km around the Koyulhisar area. The basins widest point: Towards Ladik- Zile- Akdeğirmenli with a width of 170 km. Area Covered by the basin 36 144 km 2 Source: DABLAS, ERM-Solventa

31. THE IWRM PLAN FOR THE YESILIRMAK BASIN SURFACE WATER MODELING DSI STREAM FLOW MONITORING Source: DABLAS, ERM-Solventa

32. THE IWRM PLAN FOR THE YESILIRMAK BASIN SURFACE WATER QUALITY Monitoring (81 stations/ 30 parameters per station) Source: DABLAS, ERM-Solventa

33. THE IWRM PLAN FOR THE YESILIRMAK BASIN AQUIFIER MAP & GW WQ Monitoring Stations (83 stations / 30 parameters per station) Source: DABLAS, ERM-Solventa

34. THE IWRM PLAN FOR THE YESILIRMAK BASIN HYDRAULIC MODEL Source: DABLAS, ERM-Solventa

35. THE IWRM PLAN FOR THE YESILIRMAK BASIN WQ MODEL Source: DABLAS, ERM-Solventa

36. THE IWRM PLAN FOR THE YESILIRMAK BASIN SUMMARY HIGHLIGHTS FROM IWRM WORK QUANTITY 1. The river is relatively unregulated (only 3 main dams have impact on flows) 2. Low flow problems in summer in some reaches 3. Loss of snow storage significant 4. Need to further regulate flows (even after 3 rd main dam) QUALITY 1. Most of the basin is HMWBs 2. Only one stretch of the river appears sensitive to nutrients 3. Need to promote good agricultural practices 4. Need to enforce action against industrial polluters 5. WWTPs for agglomeration above 2000p.e. only sufficient to achieve WQOs (provided ind. and agriculture do their part). Source: DABLAS, ERM-Solventa

37. Further information http://ec.europa.eu/environment/water/index_en.htm