1. Civilizations of the Americas Chapter 7 Review

2. Vocabulary Adena - Early Mound Builders in the Ohio Valley Anasazi - Native American culture of the far north Hohokams - Farming civilization in the desert southwest of North America Huitzilopochtli - Aztec sun god

3. More Vocabulary Inti - Incan sun god Inuits - Native American culture of the far north Olmecs - People of the first American civilization Pachacuti - Founder of the Incan empire

4. Critical Thinking During the last ice age, water froze into thick sheets. The sea level dropped and exposed a land bridge between Siberia and Alaska. Hunters likely followed animals across the bridge. As the climate warmed, water covered the land bridge. People then migrated eastward and southward across the Americas.

5. Main Ideas Native Americans in North America developed different cultures that were influenced by the environments in which they lived.

6. Incas united their empire with a road system that extended more than 12,000 miles.

7. The Incan empire included the Andes Mountains.

8. Mayas developed an accurate solar calendar so they could hold religious ceremonies at the correct moment.

9. The first people who migrated to North America came by way of a land bridge across the present-day Bering Strait.

10. Each Mayan city had its own ruling chief.

11. Peoples conquered by the Incas were enlisted in the Incan armies.

12. The Chosen Women made the elaborate clothing worn by the Sapa Inca.

13. Critical Thinking Hopewell mounds contained shells and shark teeth from the Gulf of Mexico. Hopewell ornaments were made of copper that came from the Great Lakes region.

14. Culture Group Time Period Cultural Characteristic Location Hohokam A.D. 900– 1500 farmersArizona Anasazi A.D. 900– 1300 cliff-dwellersFour Corners Hopewell 100 B.C.– A.D. 500 Mound BuildersOhio Valley Mississippians A.D. 700– 1200 Mound BuildersIllinois

15. Use the chart to determine if the following are true or false: The Mississippians disappeared in A.D. 500. The Anasazi were cliff-dwellers. The Mound Builders lived in Arizona. The Hohokam lived in Arizona.