1. Bobo doll study Bandura, Ross & Ross (1961)

2. Hypothesis To see whether children will imitate aggressive behaviour, even if in different environments and without a model present. Aim 1. Children will imitate the aggressive behaviour of the models 2. Non-aggressive models will have an inhibiting effect 3. Same sex model will have more influence 4. Boys will imitate aggression more than girls will.

3. Procedure Laboratory experiment with observations, 36 boys and 36 girls from Stanford nursery aged 37-69 months. First IV: non aggressive model/aggressive model/no model Second IV: male model/female model Third IV: male participant/female participant Matched Pairs study – tested for aggression beforehand Rated on physical/verbal behaviour towards objects and self- control.

4. Results Types of imitation measured: 1. Verbal aggression 2. Physical aggression 3. Non-aggressive verbal responses The children in the aggressive condition modelled the behaviour The children in the non-aggressive group had 70% that modelled the behaviour The children in the aggressive, non-imitative behavior was displayed more The children in the non-aggressive group played with the toys Gender: Boys imitated more physical aggression Boys imitated the male model Girls imitated the female model

5. Conclusion Learning can take place by observing Freud’s identification theory was proved Children are more likely to follow the same sex model.

6. Evaluation The study has controls of operationalisation of variables and cause-and-effect results can be drawn up  Reliability because two judges can observe the behaviour and their scores compared  The situation was not natural  The situation wasn’t ethical as the children observed physical/verbal aggression.