1. purpose of photosynthesis?
What is the MAIN
purpose of photosynthesis?

2. purpose of photosynthesis?
What is the MAIN
purpose of photosynthesis?
To make:
GLUCOSE (food)
Carbon + Hydrogen + Oxygen

3. What organisms can make their own food?

4. What organisms can make their own food? AUTOTROPHS (PRODUCERS)
Auto=self Troph=feeder
Example: Plants

5. What organisms must obtain their food?

6. What organisms must obtain their food? HETEROTROPHS (CONSUMERS)
Hetero=different Troph=feeder
Examples: Mushrooms, cows, bacteria, humans, fish, birds

7. How is energy stored and released from ATP?
Where is the chemical bond broken to release energy?

8. How is energy stored and released from ATP?
Where is the chemical bond broken to release energy?
Energy is stored in chemical bonds and released when bond is broken between 2nd & 3rd Phosphate groups.

9. Why is ATP compared to a battery?

10. ATP contains energy like a battery
ADP + P (Uncharged Battery)
2 phosphate groups has low energy
ATP (Charged Battery)
3 phosphate groups has high energy

11. What color wavelengths are best for photosynthesis?

12. What color wavelengths are best for photosynthesis?
VIOLET & BLUE

13. What is important about absorbed and reflected light?

14. Green is reflected by the green chlorophyll (pigment/
protein)
Absorbed Light is
Used Light!!!

15. Which kind of wavelength has more energy?
Longer? or
Shorter?

16. Which kind of wavelength has more energy?
Longer or
Shorter

17. What are pigments?
What do pigments do?

18. Pigments are proteins! Pigments absorb light!
What are pigments?
What do pigments do?
Pigments are proteins!
Pigments absorb light!

19. What makes plants green?

20. What makes plants green? CHLOROPHYLL (Pigment)

21. What are the 3 reactants in the photosynthesis chemical reaction?
Think: What 3 things are needed to make a plant grow?

22. What are the 3 reactants in the photosynthesis chemical reaction?
Sunlight
H₂O
CO₂

23. REACTANTS → PRODUCTS _____+ _____+ _____ → _______ + ___
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
_____+ _____+ _____ → _______ + ___
REACTANTS → PRODUCTS

24. What is the equation for photosynthesis?
YOU MUST KNOW THIS CHEMICAL REACTION!!!!!
REACTANTS → PRODUCTS

25. What is oxygen in the photosynthesis process?

26. photosynthesis process? WASTE PRODUCT!!
What is oxygen in the
photosynthesis process? WASTE PRODUCT!!

27. Scientists of Photosynthesis

28. Intentionally left blank

29. CO2 + H₂O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
Who conducted the experiment that determined plant growth needed water and was important part of photosynthesis equation?
CO2 + H₂O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2

30. CO2 + H₂O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
Van Helmont
Hint: “H” for H2O
CO2 + H₂O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
Van Helmont’s experiment concluded that the plant must have gotten its additional mass from H2O since that was all that the plant received.

31. CO2 + H₂O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
Who conducted the experiment that determined plants release oxygen (O₂) and was an important part of the photosynthesis equation?
CO2 + H₂O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2

32. Priestly
(Think: Priests put candles in churches)
CO2 + H2O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O₂
Priestly found the plant released OXYGEN from his experiment keeping mouse and flame alive.

33. Potato is used as the control
Who conducted the experiment that determined plants need sunlight and was an important part of the photosynthesis equation?

34. Ingenhouz Hint: think “light house”
CO2 + H2O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
Ingenhouz repeated Priestly’s experiment but tried it with and without sunlight to see if that was necessary. He found sunlight was an important part of photosynthesis.

35. Who conducted the experiment that determined that photosynthesis had a cycle that created glucose from CO₂ and was an important part of the photosynthesis equation?
CO₂ ?
GLUCOSE

36. CO2 + H2O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
GLUCOSE
Calvin
CO2 + H2O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
Calvin came up with the Calvin Cycle and showed how plants take ATP and NADPH to change CO2 →C6H12O6 (glucose)

37. What is this organelle?

39. Complete this diagram of photosynthesis

40. Light Independent Reaction Light Dependent Reaction
REACTANTS
CO2 + H2O +
ENERGY
H₂O
CO₂
SUNLIGHT
Uncharged Batteries
Calvin
Cycle
Light Independent Reaction
Thylakoids
Light Dependent Reaction
ATP
NADPH
Charged Batteries
PRODUCTS
GLUCOSE + OXYGEN
C₆ H₁₂ O₂ (glucose) O₂
(waste product)

41. LIGHT DEPENDENT REACTION (NEEDS SUNLIGHT)
WHY IS SUNLIGHT NEEDED?

42. LIGHT DEPENDENT REACTION (NEEDS SUNLIGHT)
WHY IS SUNLIGHT NEEDED?
To break down, BLOW UP
WATER (H2O)
to make
ATP & NADPH
(energy)

43. How is energy carried in ATP? How is energy carried in NADPH?

44. How is energy carried in ATP? How is energy carried in NADPH?
In the CHEMICAL BOND
of the ATP molecule
In the H+ Protons and Electrons

45. LIGHT INDEPENDENT REACTION
(DOES NOT NEED SUNLIGHT BUT CAN TAKE PLACE IN SUNLIGHT)
Where does Glucose C₆H₁₂O₆ get its carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the Calvin Cycle?
Glucose C₆H₁₂O₆

46. LIGHT INDEPENDENT REACTION
(DOES NOT NEED SUNLIGHT BUT CAN TAKE PLACE IN SUNLIGHT)
Where does Glucose C₆H₁₂O₆ get its carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the Calvin Cycle?
From CO2 + HADPH
Glucose C₆H₁₂O₆

47. Where does the Calvin Cycle (Light Independent Reaction) take place?
CO₂
12 PGA
CALVIN CYCLE
RuBP
10 PGAL
10 PGAL
12 PGAL
2 PGAL
GLUCOSE

48. Where does the Calvin Cycle (Light Independent Reaction) take place?
STROMA
CO₂
The area (space) located outside the Thylakoids in the chloroplast.
12 PGA
CALVIN CYCLE
RuBP
10 PGAL
10 PGAL
12 PGAL
2 PGAL
“The Stroma is the space where the cycle takes place.”
GLUCOSE

49. Must know the flow of carbon molecules through the Calvin Cycle
CO₂
Energy needed to rearrange
PGA into PGAL
12 PGA
CALVIN CYCLE
RuBP
10 PGAL
10 PGAL
12 PGAL
Purpose of photosynthesis to make Glucose
2 PGAL
GLUCOSE

50. Must know the flow of carbon molecules through the Calvin Cycle
Let’s simplify it!!!
RuBP
CO₂
PGA
CALVIN CYCLE
ATP & NADPH (Energy)
10 PGAL
2 PGAL
GLUCOSE
C₆H₁₂O₆

51. How many times does the Calvin Cycle go around to make glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)?
12 PGA
CALVIN CYCLE
RuBP
10 PGAL
10 PGAL
12 PGAL
2 PGAL
GLUCOSE

52. How many times does the Calvin Cycle go around to make glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)?
12 PGA
CALVIN CYCLE
RuBP
10 PGAL
10 PGAL
12 PGAL
2 PGAL
GLUCOSE