1. Kingdom Protista
Spring
2012

2. Kingdom Characteristics
Domain: Eukarya, so they are Eukaryotes
Unicellular or Multicellular
Autotrophic or Heterotrophic
May or May Not Have a Cell Wall – usually cellulose.
Diatoms – Cell Wall Made of Silicon.

3. Division of the Kingdom
Fungus – Like Protists
Animal – Like Protists (Protozoans)
Plant – Like Protists (Algae)
1 Flap for Each Section

4. Plant-Like Protists (Algae)
All contain chlorophyll
Classified Based on Color
and structure
Mode of Nutrition:
Autotrophs
Unicellular or Multicellular
Separated into 6 Different Phylum

5. Phylum Euglenophyta 2 Flagella - Live in Ponds Unicellular
No Cell Wall
Autotrophs
Heterotrophs - when sun is
not available
Unique characteristics
Red Eye Spot

6. Phylum Bacillariophyta - Diatoms
Unicellular- Live in ponds
Autotrophs
Cell Walls of silicon
Most abundant
organisms on earth
Phytoplankton

7. Phylum Pyrrophyta - Dinoflagellates
½ Autotrophs and ½ Heterotrophs
2 Flagella – Can spin
Unicellular
Can be luminescent – “fire plants”
Cause of Red Tide
Produce neurotoxins
Kills marine life
“Algal Blooms”
Live in Ocean

8. Phylum Rhodophyta – The Red Algae
Mostly Multicellular
Ocean Environment
Chlorophyll A & Red
Pigments
Live at Great Depths
(Absorb Blue Light)
Used in ice cream & pudding
Culture media for plates
Important to coral formation

9. Phylum Chlorophyta – The Green Algae
Ancestor to Modern Plants
Uni or Multicellular
Contain Chlorophyll A and B
Cellulose in Cell Wall
Used in cosmetics, paints,
and food
Major Source of fish
food and oxygen- live in
ocean
Ex. Volvox and Ulva

10. Animal-Like Protists (Protozoans)
Cell Structure: No Cell Wall
Mode of nutrition
heterotrophs
Unicellular
Classification:
Move and Feeding
Separated into 4 Different Phylum

11. Phylum Sarcodina - Sarcodines
Amoeboid Movement - move and eat using pseudopods (False Foot)
Free living
Heterotrophs - Food Vacuole
Ex. amoeba
Endocytosis - #2

12. Phylum Ciliophora - Ciliates
Move and eat using cilia – short hairlike projections, similar to flagella
Mostly freeliving – not parasitic
Ex. Paramecium and Stentor
Important Characteristic: Contractile Vacuole
Paramecium
Reproduction:
Asexually or
Conjugation

13. Phylum Zoomastigina - Zooflagellates
Move using a flagella
May be free living or parasitic
Ex of parasites:
Trypanosoma – Causes African Sleeping
Sickness
Trichonympha – In digestive
system of termites
Giardia – Amebic Dysentery

14. Phylum Sporozoa - Sporozoans
Don’t move on their own and are parasitic
Ex. Plasmodium – Causes Malaria
Sexual and Asexual
Reproduction

15. Malaria

16. Fungus-Like Protists Heterotrophs – decomposers
Unlike true fungus lack chitin in their cell wall
Damp, Moist Environments
Reproduce by spores
(asexual reproduction)
May also be sexual -
(Alternation of Generations)

17. Phylum Acrasiomycota Cellular Slime Mold Have Cell Membranes
Unicellular but colonize

18. Phylum Myxomycota Acellular Slime Mold (Unicellular or Plasmodial)
Fuse together =
Larger structure w/
multiple nuclei
Sexual & Asexual
Reproduction

19. Phylum Oomycetes Water Molds Unicellular Cell Wall of Cellulose
Thrive in water
(Spores can move)
Plant parasites on land
Caused Potato Famine
Phytophthora infestans

20. Key Questions What is the key characteristic all protists share?
What are the three categories of protists?
How are plant-like and animal-like classified?
Which causes malaria?
Which causes algal blooms?
Which is the ancestor to modern plants?
Which lives at great depths due to its ability to absord blue light?
Which is responsible for the great potato famine?
Sexual reproduction by paramecium is called ___________.
What is the purpose of a contractile vacuole in the paramecium?