1. November 17 directions Sit down with in Groups You will begin discussing the historical context surrounding A Christmas Carol.  As a group you will go through the Power Point and create a complete Cornell Note- taking activity including notes, questions and summary about entire notes  Quiz on notes Thursday.

2. The Life and Times of Charles Dickens

3. Life in _________- mid 1800’s to the turn of the century Class Structure in _____________ England 1. Upper Class/Wealthy 2. _______________ 3. Working Class (__________and Unskilled) 4. Under Class A closer look… England Victorian Middle Class Skilled

4. Upper Class (Aristocracy) 2% Upper Middle Class (Bourgeoisie) Small % Working Class (Proletarian Class) (Skilled and Unskilled) 85% Under Class Relatively small %

5. Upper Class/Wealthy The top class was known as the Upper Class or ______________. It included the _________and nobility, which had great power and wealth. This class consisted of about ______ percent of the population, but owned the majority of the land. It included: the royal family, lords, the clergy, great officers of state, and those above the degree of baronet. These people were ______ into nobility, privileged, and avoided taxes. Aristocracy church two born

6. Middle Class/Bourgeoisie The middle class consisted of the bourgeoisie – also referring to the ___________________ class. It was made up of factory owners, bankers, shopkeepers, merchants, lawyers, engineers, businessmen, traders, and other professionals. These people could sometimes be extremely rich, but in normal circumstances they were not _____________, and they especially resented this. There was a very large ______ between the middle class and the lower class. middle working privileged gap

7. Working Class ( Skilled and Un-skilled) “The working class” or skilled laborers were above the unskilled class- but not by much. This class is also referred to as the __________________ class. The lower class contained men, women, and ___________ performing many types of labor, including factory workers, seamstresses, sweepers, miners, and others. Like the middle class, the lower class also had to endure a large burden of _____. This third class consisted of about _____ percent of the population but only owned ______ than _____ percent of the land. Proletarian children tax 85 less 50

8. Working Class ( Skilled and Un-skilled) The working class unskilled laborers contained many men, women, and children with no particular _____. These people typically did __________ that did not last long. Many unskilled laborers were a step away from being ____________ and occasionally spent time on the streets. skill odd jobs homeless

9. Under Class The Under Class is also “___________” (those who were not working, and were receiving public charity). This was considered a submerged "under class" sometimes referred to as the "sunken people"-- which lived in ___________. The under class were more susceptible to exploitation and were therefore exploited. These people often starved to ________ on the streets or died from malnutrition or disease. the poor poverty death

10. Streets of London

11. The Industrial Revolution During the 1800s the ___________________________ spread throughout Britain. The use of steam-powered machines, led to a massive increase in the number of _____________ (particularly in textile factories or mills). Industrial Revolution factories

12. From Country to City As the number of factories grew, people from the countryside began to move into the towns looking for better paid _______. Cities were filled to overflowing and, _________ was particularly bad. People crowded into already crowded houses. Rooms were _______ to whole families or perhaps several families. If there were no rooms to rent, people stayed in lodging houses. work London rented

13. Child Labor Children worked in ____________ carrying large buckets of coal around on their backs, or they worked sitting down in the mine alone to open the door for a coal cart passing through. Many factory workers were children. They worked ______ hours and were often treated ________ by the supervisors or overseers. In match factories, children were employed to dip matches into a chemical called phosphorous. This phosphorous could cause their teeth to rot and some died from the effect of breathing it into their lungs. coal mines long badly

14. Child Labor The mill owners often took in orphans to their workhouses, they __________ at the mill and were worked as hard as possible. They spent most of their working hours at the machines with little time for __________ or exercise. Even part of Sunday was spent cleaning machines. There were some serious ____________, some children were scalped when their hair was caught in the machine, hands were crushed and some children were killed when they went to sleep and fell into the machine. lived fresh air accidents

15. Child Labor When young boys first started working as chimney sweeps between _____ and ___ years old, they suffered many cuts, grazes and bruises on their knees, elbows, and thighs however after months of suffering their skin became hardened. five10

16. Street Kids Hordes of dirty, ragged children roamed the streets with no regular money and no home to go to. The children of the streets were often __________ with no- one to care for them. They stole or picked pockets to buy food and slept in ___________ or ___________. Some street children did jobs to earn money. They could work as crossing- sweepers, sweeping a way through the mud and horse dung of the main paths to make way for ladies and gentlemen. Others sold lace, flowers, matches or muffins out in the _________. orphans outhouses doorways streets

17. The Life of Charles Dickens

18. Charles Dickens was born on ____________________. His father, John Dickens, was a clerk at the Navy Pay Office. His father continuously lived beyond his means and was _________________ for debt in 1824. February 7, 1812 The Life of Charles Dickens imprisoned

19. The Life of Charles Dickens When Charles was ___, he was pulled out of school to work in a boot-blacking factory to support the family. He glued the labels onto the bottles of boot black for six shillings a day. Wow! Today, One Shilling would = ____ pennies! So in ONE MONTH of factory work Charles made an estimated 144 Pence which would = ________ today! 12 $17.28

20. Dickens begins to Write Dickens has said that his time __________ and living alone in a boarding house traumatized him for the rest of his life. Dickens eventually returned to school at Wellington House Academy in __________. Dickens began submitting material to the British Press where he was paid a ________ a line. He was not unlike a reporter for a newspaper today. working London penny

21. Dickens Begins to Write Some professional works and gains Dickens's career as a writer of fiction started in _____ when his short stories and essays to appeared in periodicals. Dickens proved to be a prolific writer writing _____ novels, plays, short stories, and essays. Some of his more famous works include: Oliver Twist 1837 Nicholas Nickelby 1838 A Christmas Carol _____ David Copperfield 1849 A Tale of Two Cities 1859 Great Expectations 1860 1833 20 1843

22. Personal Life Dickens married Catherine Hogart in _______. Catherine’s _______, Mary, moved into their house, and it was suspected that Dickens was in love with her. Mary died in 1837, and a heartbroken Dickens requested to _____________ next to her. Mary has appeared in his books, but usually as a good- hearted character. 1836 sister be buried

23. Personal Life Dickens had ___ children with Catherine, but they separated in 1858. In the 1850s, Dickens spent much time traveling and campaigning against many of the ______________ of his time. In addition he gave talks and readings, wrote pamphlets, plays, and letters. From 1860 until the time of his death, Dickens lived at Gadshill Place, near Rochester, Kent. He died at Gadshill on _______________. 10 social evils June 9, 1870

24. Personal Life His last work… Dickens died before he finished his last work called The Mystery of Edwin Drood. The novel was left _____________, and the ending remains ______________. unfinished unknown

25. Characters “Bah! Humbug!” – Ebenezer Scrooge

26. Character List ___________________: He is a cold, miserly creditor who lives only for himself. Ebeneezer Scrooge

27. Character List ______________: He is Scrooge's overworked employee, a timid man afraid to stand up to his boss's demanding ways. He has a poor but loving family. Bob Cratchit

28. Character List ____________________________: The first ghost to visit Scrooge, the small, elderly figure represents ____________. The Ghost of Christmas Past memory

29. Character List ______________________________: A giant clad in robes, this ghost has ______ brothers and a life span of one day. He represents _____________ and _________. The Ghost of Christmas Present 1800 celebration charity

30. Character List _____________________________: This solemn, silent phantom represents ________, but also the presents the possibility that the future is not determined, but open to the free will of humans. The Ghost of Christmas Future death

32. Character List continued _______: Scrooge's nephew; he embodies the joy and sharing of Christmas. He refuses to let Scrooge's "Bah! Humbug!" attitude bring him down, and is overjoyed when his uncle converts and attends his party. Fred

33. Character List continued ___________: Cratchit's crippled son, Tiny Tim represents the _______________ goodness of the Christmas spirit. Tiny Tim overwhelming

34. Character List continued ___________: Scrooge's old partner; he appears to Scrooge as a ghost and warns him about the dangers of being obsessed with money. Marley

35. Character List continued ___________: The young Scrooge's jolly, selfless boss. Fezziwig

36. Character List continued ________: Scrooge's former girlfriend/fiance, she breaks up with him because of his greed. Belle

37. Character List continued _______: Scrooge's younger sister. Fan

38. Symbolism and Theme Good Vs Evil Social Class Disparity Love for fellow men and charity Ignorance and Want Sacrifice and Redemption Children as the face of Innocence Money does not make happiness, and that those that have it should give to the less fortunate.

39. Tiny Tim God Bless Us, Every One…