1. Chapter 2 Sociological Research Methods
Why is Sociological Research Necessary?
The Sociological Research Process
Research Methods
Ethical Issues in Sociological Research

2. Theory and Research Cycle: Deductive Approach
Research begins with a theory:
Theories generate hypothesis
Hypothesis leads to observations.
Observations lead to the formation of generalizations.
Generalizations support the theory.

3. Theory and Research Cycle: Inductive Approach
Research begins with data:
Observations suggest generalizations.
Generalizations produce a tentative theory.
Theory is tested through formation of a hypothesis.
Hypothesis may provide suggestions for additional observations.

4. Conventional Research Model
Select and define the research problem.
Review previous research.
Formulate the hypothesis.
Develop the research design.
Collect and analyze the data.
Draw conclusions and report the findings.

5. Qualitative Research Model
Research begins with a general approach rather than a detailed plan.
Research decides when literature review and theory application happen.

6. Qualitative Research Model
Study presents a detailed view of the topic.
Access to people or other resources that can provide necessary data is crucial.
Appropriate research methods are important for acquiring useful qualitative data.

7. Research Methods Survey Research Secondary Analysis of Existing Data
Field Research
Experiments

8. ASA Code of Ethics Basic ethical standards for sociologists including:
Disclose research findings in full and include all possible interpretations of the data.
Safeguard participants right to privacy and dignity while protecting them from harm.

9. ASA Code of Ethics Basic ethical standards for sociologists including:
Protect confidential information provided by participants.
Acknowledge research collaboration and assistance and disclose all sources of financial support.