2. The Age of Exploration

3. What was the Age of Exploration? A time period when Europeans began to explore the rest of the world. Improvements in mapmaking, shipbuilding, rigging, and navigation made this possible. Blue water sailing, not just coastal boats. Policy of mercantilism drives the exploration.

4. Motives for Exploration GLORY AND WEALTH National Personal

5. Motives for Exploration TRADE CONTRACTS Asia Africa Other lands Spice Market

6. Motives for Exploration SEARCH FOR RESOURCES AND LAND Oceanic Resources Wheat Sugar and Timber

7. The Explorers: Portugal

8. Bartolomeu Dias Sailed around Cape of Good Hope at southern tip of Africa. Found route to Indian Ocean Trade can go from Europe to Asia by sea.

10. Vasco da Gama Landed in India in 1498. Important trade route from Europe to India and East Indies.

12. Ferdinand Magellan His crew made first round-the-world voyage. Proved for certain that the world was round. Magellan was killed in the Philippines, did not make it home, but is given credit for circumnavigating the globe.

13. Circumnavigate= sail around the world.

15. The Explorers: Spain

16. Christopher Columbus

17. Believed a shorter route to Asia could be found by sailing westward instead of around Africa. Found the Americas instead. Oops.

18. Was Christopher Columbus the first to find North America? Vikings were the first. Leif Ericson

19. Christopher Columbus 1492

20. Hernando Cortes Conquered the Aztecs Empire (1519-1521) with 508 men muskets, and 16 horses Defeated Montezuma Governor of Mexico Mexico becomes a Catholic country Sent enormous amounts of silver back to Spain

21. French Explorers John Cabot 1496 King of England Henry VII commissioned Cabot to seek out new lands First English voyage to North America 1497 he explored Newfoundland

22. Jacques Cartier Mr. Nelson’s Favorite explorer. He sailed in search of the Northwest Passage. He did not find the route but he did sail up the St. Lawrence River

23. MR. NELSON’S HOME

24. How could they explore? Ship Technology Navigation Armaments Caravels

25. New Navigation Technology Astrolabe Magnetic Compass Practical knowledge of wind currents Better maps

26. What was the Colombian Exchange? Massive exchange of plants, animals and diseases. These things moved between the New and Old Worlds. Started with Columbus. To the Americas: cows, horses, wheat, smallpox, plus much more. To Europe: potatoes, tomatoes, tobacco, corn, plus much more.

28. What was mercantilism? Policy that said there was a limited amount of money in the world. Each country needs to grab what they can before it is gone. Export more than you import…more money in your pocket. Colonies and markets were needed to keep everything in the system.

29. The Slave Trade Europeans began to use slave labor in their colonies to grow crops, mine, etc. Native Americans used for a while, but Africans began to be brought to the Americas. The slave trade then became the main focus of Europe’s relations with Africa.

31. What was the Triangular Trade? System of trade between Europe, Africa, and the Americas. Stage 1: Raw materials to Europe (tobacco, rum, sugar) Stage 2: Manufactured goods to Africa (guns, cloth, rum) Stage 3: Slaves to the Americas to make raw materials.

32. The Triangular Trade