2.  Period when Europeans began to explore the rest of the world.  Improvements in mapmaking, shipbuilding, rigging, and navigation made this possible.  Blue water sailing, not just coastal sailing.  Policy of mercantilism drives exploration.

3.  European monarchs adopt new economic policy  Believed nation’s real wealth was measured in its gold and silver treasure.  Therefore, nations should export more than it imports

4.  Overseas colonies are beneficial to parent country through resources and raw materials. These could be turned into manufactured goods and sold.  Imposed high tariffs on imported good.  GOAL: Increase wealth

5.  3 G’s: God, Gold, Glory  Find a sea route to Asia for access to spices: flavor, medicine, and perfumes  Expansion: to control a larger empire  Furs: valuable in Europe  Expand knowledge of the world: Overlaps Renaissance  desire to learn

6.  New and improved maps  Magnetic compass  Caravel  Astrolabe

7.  After Columbus returned to Spain: King and Queen of Spain, Ferdinand and Isabella, appealed to Pope to support their claim of lands in the “New World”  Pope set Line of Demarcation -divided non- European world into two zones. Both countries agreed and signed the Treaty of Tordesillas.  Spain had trade and exploration rights to the West. Portugal to the East. (PEWS)

8. Spanish Win the Treaty: They get the best Of the deal

10.  Sailed around Cape of Good Hope at southern tip of Africa.  Found route to Indian Ocean  Trade can go from Europe to Asia by sea.

12.  Landed in India in 1498.  Important trade route from Europe to India and East Indies.

14.  His crew made first round-the-world voyage. (circumnavigate)  Magellan was killed in the Philippines, did not make it home.  Animaniacs Clip Animaniacs Clip

16. The Portuguese explored the Gold Coast Southern coast of Africa along the Atlantic = “The Gold Coast”

19.  Believed a shorter route to Asia could be found by sailing westward instead of around Africa.  Found the Caribbean Island.

21.  Massive exchange of plants, animals and diseases.  These things moved between the New and Old Worlds.  Started with Columbus.  To the Americas: cows, horses, wheat, smallpox, plus much more.  To Europe: potatoes, tomatoes, tobacco, corn, plus much more.