1. My Life’s a Circle

2. Matter Cycles the movement of INORGANIC materials from the atmosphere or soil into living ORGANISMS and back again.

3. WATER CYCLE WATER IN ATMOSPHERE PRECIPITATION EVAPORATION WATER /ICE

4. WATER CYCLE EVAPORATION - liquid to gas PRECIPITATION - gas to liquid Organisms return water to the atmosphere through TRANSPIRATION, PERSPIRATION, and EXCRETION

5. Carbon/Oxygen Cycle CARBON DIOXIDE PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESPIRATION OXYGEN

6. Carbon/Oxygen Cycle Photosynthesis – plants use CARBON DIOXIDE and release OXYGEN Respiration – plants and animals use OXYGEN and release CARBON DIOXIDE

7. Carbon/Oxygen Cycle Burning of FOSSIL FUELS increases the amount of CARBON DIOXIDE in the atmosphere. This may be increasing the temperature. (GREENHOUSE effect)

8. Nitrogen Cycle NITROGEN GAS NITROGEN FIXATION DENITRIFICATION NITRATES ANIMALS PLANTS

9. Nitrogen Cycle Nitrogen is necessary to make AMINO ACIDS Nitrogen FIXATION is done by plants containing rhizobium bacteria. DENITRIFICATION is the returning of nitrogen into the atmosphere

10. Biotic Potential The rate at which a POPULATION will grow if all individuals SURVIVE and REPRODUCE at maximum capacity.

11. Growth Curve Lag Phase – little or no increase in a population Exponential Phase – population DOUBLES in a specific time interval and keeps DOUBLING in increasingly shorter periods of time.

12. Exponential Phase Time Lag Phase

13. Carrying Capacity The MAXIMUM number of individuals that the ecosystem is capable of SUPPORTING.

14. Carrying Capacity Lag Phase Exponential Phase Time

15. Limits to Growth Density-dependent factors Density-independent factors

16. Density-dependent factors As the DENSITY changes, these factors change  Space  Food  Predators

17. Density-independent factors Factors that affect population that have nothing to do with DENSITY  Climate changes  Natural disaster

18. Succession The gradual, SEQUENTIAL replacement of POPULATIONS in an area

19. Pioneer Species The first SPECIES to colonize an area

20. Seral Community Intermediate COMMUNITIES

21. Climax Community A community that will remain STABLE as long as it is left undisturbed

23. Primary succession The sequential REPLACEMENT of populations of an area that has not previously supported LIFE Example: Sand dunes, volcanic rock, glaciers removing soil, pavement

24. Secondary succession The sequential REPLACEMENT of populations in DISRUPTED habitats that have not been totally stripped of soil and vegetation. Example: FOREST FIRE, LOGGING, FARMING, MINING Old field succession – Replacement of populations in abandoned farm fields

25. Succession in lakes The transformation of CRYSTAL CLEAR BODIES OF WATER to dry LAND

26. Eutrophication An increase in the amount of NUTRIENTS in an environment

27. Eutrophic A lake with many NUTRIENTS in it.