1. Notes Chapter 16-3 “The Holocaust”

2. The Holocaust Begins: * November 1938 a Jew shoots a German Gov’t official * riots begin which destroy and loot Jewish businesses (Kristallnacht) * lost citizenship, rights, property, and jobs * Jews get blamed for Germany’s problems (forced to wear arm bands to identify them)

3. Holocaust: Cont. * Many Jews try to Emigrate, but other countries limited numbers fearing anti- Semitism there * Eventually Jews rounded up and put in Ghettos to starve

4. Hitler’s “Final Solution” * Genocide of Jews, Gypsies, Poles, Homosexuals, Insane, and Disabled people begins * Death squads went through the streets and killed many

5. * 1942 death camps began * Gas Chambers, crematoriums Hitler’s “Final Solution”: Cont. * others put in work camps working 7 days a week as slaves

6. * 6 million European Jews killed, only 4 million survive Survivors: * Many were hidden with the help of non- Jews * Some escaped to Neutral countries like Switzerland and Sweden

7. Country Initial Jewish Population Estimated % Killed Estimated Killed Number of Survivors Poland3,300,00091%3,000,000300,000 USSR3,020,00036%1,100,0001,920,000 Hungary800,00074%596,000204,000 Germany566,00036%200,000366,000 France350,00022%77,320272,680 Romania342,00084%287,00055,000 Austria185,00035%65,000120,000 Lithuania168,00085%143,00025,000 Netherlands140,00071%100,00040,000 Bohemia Moravia118,31060%71,15047,160 Latvia95,00084%80,00015,000 Slovakia88,95080%71,00017,950 Yugoslavia78,00081%63,30014,700 Greece77,38087%67,00010,380 Belgium65,70045%28,90036,800 Italy44,50017%7,68036,820 Bulgaria50,0000% 50,000 Denmark7,8000.80%607,740 Estonia4,50044%2,0002,500 Luxembourg3,50055%1,9501,550 Finland2,0000.03%71,993 Norway1,70045%762938 Total9,508,34063%5,962,1293,546,211