1. George Washington

2. https://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=UIprNlzKjbo&list=PL6Y52oHOi 3pLIRQNqV31WCF9zD8hBh6VX https://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=UIprNlzKjbo&list=PL6Y52oHOi 3pLIRQNqV31WCF9zD8hBh6VX

3. What shall we call him? Your Excellency Your Royal Highness King Washington Your Honor Our Esteemed Ruler Executor Washington Our Enlightened Ruler Mr. President

4. Electoral College Original Electors in the Electoral College cast two votes. The person with the highest number became President and the person with the second highest number became Vice- President The 12 th Amendment changed this in 1804

5. 1788 Presidential Election Results 11 states in the Union – two had not ratified yet 69 Total votes CandidateTotal Electoral Votes George Washington69 John Adams34 Minor Candidates35

6. Little Known Facts… Three States did not participate in the 1 st Presidential Election ◦Rhode Island – had not ratified the Constitution ◦North Carolina - had not ratified the Constitution ◦New York – due to an argument, failed to choose electors in time!

7. A President who set many Precedents! Precedent: Setting the bar for the first time someone does something. Existing example or practice. Because the country and government were so new, George Washington and his administration had to make many key decisions that have become tradition or custom in our nation!

8. Precedents that Washington Established…. Mr. President The Cabinet Two terms (broken by FDR) The Judiciary Act Foreign policy of Neutrality

9. The Unwritten Constitution The operation of the U.S. Government today is based on many customs, traditions and practices that were not written into the Constitution.

10. The Cabinet The Constitution gave the President the power to appoint people to assist him. Article II, Section II. Washington and later Presidents came to rely on these people known as the Cabinet for advice. (State, War, Treasury and Justice)

11. 1. The First Cabinet - Secretary of State -Jefferson Secretary of War ◦Henry Knox Secretary of Justice ◦Edmond Randolph Secretary of Treasury ◦Alexander Hamilton

12. 2. Judicial Review The Supreme Court has the power to review federal and state laws to determine if they are keeping with the Constitution ◦Marbury v. Madison 1803

13. 3. Political Parties An organized group that seeks to control government through winning elections, holding office and influencing policy.

14. 4. Lobbying Pressure groups and outside influences that attempt to influence legislation, or urge legislators to pass certain laws.

15. 5. Committee System Committees help Congress select the most important bills from the thousands proposed yearly. They hold hearings to discuss, evaluate and approve bills.

16. Judiciary Act of 1789 1. Federal Courts would hear cases involving Constitutional issues: illegal search and seizure, freedom of Speech, cruel and unusual punishment 2. Appeal to US Circuit Court of Appeals.

17. The Judiciary Act of 1789 US Supreme Court US Circuit Court Appeals US District Courts – 13 Courts Can choose not to hear Case! Judge makes the decision Jury decides Case