1. An Introduction to VLSI (Very Large Scale Integrated) Circuit Design
Presented at EE1001 Nov 12th, 2015
By Hua Tang

2. The First Computer

3. The first electronic computer (1946)

4. First Transistor (Bipolar)
Bell Labs, 1948

5. The First Integrated Circuits
Bipolar logic
1960’s
ECL 3-input Gate
Motorola 1966

6. Basic IC circuit component: MOS transistor
MOS: Metal Oxide Semiconductor

7. Intel 4004 Micro-Processor
1971
1000 transistors
< 1MHz operation
10μm technology

8. Intel Pentium (IV) microprocessor
2001
42 Million transistors
1.5 GHz operation
0.18μm technology

9. More recent Processors
2007
800 Million transistors
2 GHz operation
45nm technology
2010 Core i7
1.2 Billion transistors
3.3 GHz operation
32nm technology
2012 Core i7 (newer generations)
1.7 Billion transistors
4.0 GHz operation
22nm technology
nm, then 10nm in 20xx, and then …..???

10. Not Only Microprocessors
Analog
Baseband
Digital Baseband
(DSP + MCU)
Power
Management
Small
Signal RF RF
Cell Phone
HDTV
PDA ….

11. What is a MOS Transistor?
A Switch! |V GS |
An MOS Transistor

12. MOS Transistors - Types and Symbols
if G=“1” or Vdd
switch on G S
NMOS S
if G=“0” or Gnd
switch on G D
PMOS

13. The CMOS Inverter: A First Glance
out C L DD

14. CMOS Inverter First-Order DC AnalysisDD in =
V =0
out
V =V R n p DD

15. Transient Response The delay Essentially determines the
clock speed of the
processor
tpLH
tpHL

16. Static CMOS (Complementary MOS)
VDD
In1
PMOS only
In2
PUN …
InN
F(In1,In2,…InN)
In1
In2
PDN …
NMOS only
InN
One and only one of the networks (PUN or PDN) is conducting in steady state
PUN and PDN are dual logic networks

17. NMOS Transistors in Series/Parallel Connection
Transistors can be thought as a switch controlled by its gate signal
NMOS switch closes when switch control input is high

18. PMOS Transistors in Series/Parallel Connection

19. Example Gate: NAND

20. Example Gate: NOR

21. Full-Adder

22. The Binary Adder

23. Complimentary Static CMOS Full Adder
28 Transistors

24. The Ripple-Carry Adder

25.                            
SRAM Memory cell

26. The add-up 32-bit adder: >3,000 32-bit comparator: >3,000
32-bit multiplier: >50,000
1k SRAM: 6,000 …

27. Future Design Challenges
Processor architecture (multiple-core; interconnections)
Semi-conductor materials (current leakage; process variation)
Power consumption (power density; thermal dissipation)

28. Career in VLSI design VLSI circuit design and design automation
Intel, IBM, AMD, Texas Ins., Agilent,…
Qualcomm, Broadcom, Samsung,…
Micron, Seagate, WesternDigital…
Cadence, Synopsys, MentorGraphics…
Xilinx, Altera, ….
....

29. Contact Information:
Office: MWAH 276
Hour: am M, W, Th, and F
Phone:
Http: