1. Key Supreme Court Cases

2. Cases on Federalism Marbury v. Madison (1803): judicial review, strong S.C. McCulloch v. Maryland (1819): court has implied powers, necessary and proper clause, expands power of fed gov’t Ableman v. Booth (1859): state courts can not contradict fed courts US v. Nixon (1974): President is not above the law

3. Cases on Discrimination, Race Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857): Blacks, free or slave, are not citizens; slavery can not be outlawed in w territories Plessy v. Ferguson (1896): segregated facilities are okay  separate but equal Korematsu v. US (1944): Americans of Japanese descent can be interned Brown v. Board of Education (1954) segregated schools violate 14 th amend. Overturns Plessy Regents of UC v. Bakke (1978) race-based set asides violate Equal Protection Clause. Some race usage may be employed in admission decisions

4. Birth Control and Abortion Griswold c. Connecticut (1965) married couples are entitled to contraception. Establishes right to privacy Roe v. Wade (1973) abortion is a constitutional right, thus prohibitions against it in the 1 st tri are prohibited Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992) Restrictions on abortion are allowed, though it affirms Roe Gonzales v. Carhart (2007) Congress can prohibit a specific abortion procedure

5. Search and Seizure Mapp v. Ohio (1961) evidence gained by search/seizure that violates Const, is inadmissible in court Katz v. US (1967) evidence from the wiretapping of a public phone w/o a warrant is inadmissible Vemonia School District v. Acton (1995) schools may implement random drug testing

6. Right to an Attorney Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) those charged w/ a serious offense are entitled to an attorney and state must pay Escobedo v. Illinois (1964) person in police custody has a right to speak to an atty Miranda v. Arizona (1966) Police must advise people of their right to remain silent, to have an atty. Interrogation must stops if suspect wishes to remain silence In re Gualt (1967) Juveniles charged w/ a crime are protected by due process

7. Freedom of Speech Schenck v. US (1919) “Clear and Present Danger” speech is not protected by the 1 st amend Near v. Minnesota (1931) Rejects prior restraints on publishing, censorships is unconstitutional except in rare situations Chaplinsky v. NH (1942) established the ‘fighting words doctrine: that some words are not protected by 1 st amendment Tinker v. Des Moines schools (1969) Wearing armbands is a legitimate form of protest, even on school grounds

8. Other Landmark Cases Fletcher v. Peck (1810) 1 st time SC struck down a state law as unconstitutional Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819) extended contract rights to corporations Gibbons v. Ogden (18240 Power to regulate interstate commerce is granted to Congress