1. Organization & Management MPA 505
Alfredo A. Derecho, MBA,DPA
Southwestern University
Cebu City, Philippines

2. Basic Elements of an Organization
Objectives and Mission to accomplish
Goals to achieve
Employ individuals to man the positions
Acquire and allocate resources
Use some form of structure for coordinating functions of the various units of work
Decide who among members of the working group will manage & supervise the operations

3. Organizational Models
Classical bureaucratic model
Neo-Bureaucratic Model
Institutional Model
Human Relations Model
Public Choice Model

4. Classical Bureaucratic Model
Major components:
Structure or design of the organization
Hierarchical arrangement of units & pyramidal structure in position
Division of labor – duties & power
Rules for carrying out tasks is uniformly applied
Impersonal relations among members - formal establish norms of conduct
Choice of personnel based on technical competence
The ways people and work are managed
Advocates scientific study & design of work flow & procedure
Provides sociological, psychological & economic needs of employees
Employees contribute their expertise & skills

5. Neo-Bureaucratic Model
Value orientation is still classical bureaucratic – 3 E’s
Control mechanism & structural framework same as classical bureaucratic
Focus on policy decision & justification for the use of decision-making process. – Fayol’s 14 principles of management augmented by Gulick & Urwick – POSDCORB that became the principle of Administration.

6. Institutional Model
Focuses on the organizational structure of government
Describes the relations among different hierarchical levels & studies what is being done at each level
Most concerned with constitutional, legal & administrative rules as bases for administering the affairs of the state

7. Human Relations Model
Organization is people; what counts most is individuals who fill the positions & not the positions with the description of functions to be performed
Elton Mayo’s Hawthorne experiment ushered the social system and social structure theory of organization
Human beings relate to one another thru network of sentiments & feelings
Efforts be made to achieve internal equilibrium by harmonizing personal & emotional factors of the organizations equation
Recognition of informal group & employees feelings by management

8. Public Choice Model
Theory: government is inherently inefficient that private management is better, government should emulate or defer to the private sector
Emphasizes provisioning of goods and services by decision makers at different levels
Authority should be delegated and assigned to different levels
Paradigm of “ democratic administration”
Civil service professionals to man bureaucracy

9. Nature of Administrative Organization
Organizing
Departmentalization
Coordination
Establishing clear-cut procedures and rules
Use of the hierarchical structure
Use of matrix departmentalization
Introducing dominant idea or rationale
Span of Control
Centralization vs Decentralization

10. Research Assignment-1 Distinguish Centralization vs Decentralization
Setbacks of Decentralization
Benefits of Decentralization
Manner of Decentralization
Verdana font 12”
Double Space
January 20

11. Research Assignment-2 Reaction paper ( articles)
Administrative Traditions
From Public Administration to Public Management, from Governance to Governmentality: Conceptual Challenges to Public Administration by Romeo Ocampo
Verdana 12 font
Double space
Deadline March 25