1. Past to present tenses

2.  To talk about states that started in the past and are still linked to the present  I have just arrived.  I have been reading since 4 o’clock.  He has lived in London since 1998.

3.  To express that something started in the past and is still going on  I have known her for five years  It has been raining since I arrived

4.  To express the result of something that took place in the past (‘resultative’)  Where is your key? I don’t know. I have lost it.  I have cleaned the windows.  Have you read this book?  Have you been running?  What have you been doing?  Who has been drinking my beer?

5.  To express that something will happen in the future  I don’t know when I will have finished this work.

6.  Hij zit daar al urenlang.  Ik heb het de laatste tijd erg druk.  Het weer is de laatste dagen erg slecht.  Onze verkoop neemt de laatste jaren toe.

7.  Of late / recently / lately  The last few days / weeks / etc  For some days / months / etc  For some time (now)  Since yesterday / 20… / etc  For some days / months / etc  Since we arrived  Ever, often, seldom, never, so far, already, yet, still

8.  Have/has + past participle (regular verbs have a past participle form which is the same as the past tense)  Completion  Repeated action  Permanent situation  Focus on present result

9.  Cancel  Cater  Travel  Reply  Delay  Develop  Pay  Transfer  Deliver  Obey  Copy  Interpret  Deny  Format  Reveal  Omit

10. Have/has + been + present participle  Continuation  Duration of action  Temporary situation  Focus on activity

11. Extra exercises on Englishpage.com  http://englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs5.htm http://englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs5.htm  http://englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs6.htm http://englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs6.htm  http://englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs7.htm http://englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs7.htm  http://englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs8.htm http://englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs8.htm