1. Classical Music Mrs. Paolucci Spring, 2009

2. Eighteenth Century Classicism Seeks order, moderation Idealized the civilization of Greece and Rome EX: Monticello

3. Eighteenth Century History French Revolution (1789-99) Advances in science (steam engine, electricity, oxygen, the vaccination The American Revolution (1775-83) Age of Reason (BUT using reason to attack existing order)- Enlightenment (Voltaire, Rousseau)

4. Classical Music Lyrical melodies Repetition of a pattern at higher and lower pitches Clear harmonies (homophonic texture) Steady temp (will stay in the same meter until the end Movement between keys but returning to the home key

5. Patronage System Gave musicians economic security Performances moving from palaces to concert halls Many composers conducted their own symphonies (Haydn, Beethoven). Others (Mozart) played own piano concertos

6. Chamber Music- The Golden Era Music for a small ensemble (2-8) with one player to a part String quartet (2 violins, viola and cello); duo sonata (violin and piano or cello and piano); quintet (combination of string or wind instruments or string quartet and solo instruments) Eine Kleine Nachtmusik (1787)

7. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-91) Austrian Began to compose before he was five (father was composer in the court of the archbishop of Salzburg) Rebelled against his patron the archbishop of Salzburg- dismissed for quarreling with him

8. Continued… Established himself in Vienna as a free-lance musician at the age of 25. Struggled to win the backing of Emperor Joseph II (composer Antonio Salieri was much more popular!) Antonio Salieri

9. Mozart’s Music The Marriage of Figaro (1786) (opera buffa- comic Italian opera) Don Giovanni (1787) (opera buffa) The Magic Flue (ligher form of German opera with dialogue) For Piano (the Fantasia in C minor, Sonata in C minor) The Requiem Mass (died the same night musicians got together to sing through a completed version of it (December 4, 1791)

10. Symphonies Rooted in the opera overture (piece for orcheatra in 3 sections fast-slow0fast) Rocket Theme (opening of Eine Kleine Nacht)- aggressive rhythmic theme rising from low to high register at “Rocket” speed Drawn our crescendo (Rising slowly to a climax)

11. Qualities of Mozart’s Music Chamber Music Sense of Drama Contrasting Moods (from lively and playful to solemn and tragic) Carefully weaving orchestration with interweaving lines Symphonies Rich orchestration Depth of Emotion

12. Comic Opera- The Marriage of Figaro A servant Figaro outwits his master, Almaviva