1. Community Interactions EQ: How do the three types of symbiosis differ?

2. Types of Interactions Competition Predation Symbiosis  Mutualism  Commensalism  Parasitism

3. Competition (-/-) Organisms of the same or different species attempt to use the same ecological resource in the same place at the same time Bison Elk Herd Moose

4. Competition Interspecific competition: Competition between members of different species Intraspecific competition: Competition among members of the same species Blue Butterfly Tiger Swallowtail butterfly

5. Competitive exclusion principle: No two species can occupy exactly the same niche in exactly the same habitat at exactly the same time. One will always exclude the other

6. Predation (+/-) Herbivory: Type of predation Interaction in which an herbivore feeds on producers. predator prey Falcon Ground Squirrel Interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism

7. Predation Keystone species: a single species that is vital to the ecosystem stability. Ex. Otters/kelp/sea urchins

8. Predation Rabbit and Coyote rabbit coyote Arctic Hare Coyote

9. Symbiosis Any relationship in which two species live closely together is called symbiosis (“living together”) Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism

10. Mutualism (+/+) Both organisms benefit o Examples: o Flowers and insects o Ants and aphids Bee on Purple Flower Ant and Aphid

11. Mutualism (+/+) Lichen Algae and fungus living together Lichen

12. Commensalism (+/0) One member of the association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed. Spanish Moss

13. Commensalism (+/0) Whales & Barnacles Barnacles on Whale

14. Commensalism (+/0) Epiphytes “air plants” Epiphyte Epiphyte in Tree

15. Parasitism (+/-) Ticks The parasite obtains all or part of its nutritional needs from the other organism, the host. Blacklegged Tick: An adult female blacklegged tick, engorged after a blood meal, rests on a leaf. Before After Black Legged Tick

16. Parasitism (+/-) One benefits; one harmed Examples: tapeworms inside mammals; fleas, ticks, and lice on mammals Female Head Lice

17. Parasitism (+/-) Mistletoe More than just a “kissing catalyst” Mistletoe

18. T charts Organism 1 Organism 2 + - or 0 Explanation: