2. 12/7/2015 TRANSLATING BRAIN RESEARCH TO CLASSROOM PRACTICE PRESENTED BY: DR. PATRICIA BUCCI WELCOME!!! pat.bucci@ycdsb.ca

3. 12/7/2015 Ode to the Brain! by Symphony of Science http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JB7jSFeV z1U

4. 12/7/2015 “The Cathedral of Complexity” Introducing… (Coveney & Highfields, 1995) About 3 pounds 78% water, 10% fat, 8% protein Less than 2.5% of body’s weight Uses 20-25% of body’s energy

5. 12/7/2015 The Revolution Has Begun!

6. 12/7/2015 TEACHING IS SHIFTING FROM BEING AN ART TO A COMBINATION OF ART & SCIENCE

7. 12/7/2015 A doll house A solar system A symphony of music Lego A movie A hockey game My brain is like... An ecosystem

8. Our Brains Are like a “jungle” All parts of the brain participate with each other, while each has its own function There is natural pruning or neural pruning that occurs when parts are not used “LEARNING IS A DELICATE, BUT IS A POWERFUL DIALOGUE BETWEEN GENETICS AND THE ENVIRONMENT…” Robert Sylwester, A Celebration of Neurons

9. 12/7/2015 Functional Magnetic Resonance Imagery (fMRI) 90’s: The Decade of the Brain

10. 12/7/2015 William, Calvin, & Ojemann. (1994). Conversations with Neil's Brain. SEEING WORDS HEARING WORDS SPEAKING WORDS GENERATING WORDS

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12. 99% of our brain growth / maintenance happens during sleep protein markers formed during the day are wired during sleep life span of 18-20 hours Smarter in the Morning than the Night Before!

13. 12/7/2015 Neurotrophins : group of proteins which are responsible for the growth and development of dendrites Calpain : enzyme which causes the protein marker to self – destruct. Or Not…..

14. 12/7/2015 From whence it all started…. From conception to approx. 5 months, production of brain cells 200 thousand per minute. Brain cells (neurons) vs. other cells migration Cellular level - tens of billions of neurons, ten times more numerous glial cells that support, insulate and nourish the neurons 30 thousand neurons (300,000 glial cells) fit into the space of a pinhead.

15. Shore, R. 1997

16. 12/7/2015 Waves of intense branching and connecting (Synaptogenesis) Waves of intense branching and connecting (Synaptogenesis)  Before birth through 3-years-old  Again at 11- or 12-years-old followed by Selective reduction of neurons and connections among neurons (Pruning) followed by Selective reduction of neurons and connections among neurons (Pruning) Solidifying circuitry Solidifying circuitry  Used synaptic connections strengthened

17. 12/7/2015 Your brain will absorb only what your will endure. Find your 1 st appointment and share 3 interesting facts that you will remember.

18. 12/7/2015 Prefrontal cortex The CEO of the brain is the last part of the brain to mature. Thousands of new connections are formed during the preteen years (F 11 M12.5)and then shrinks as neural connections are pruned and strengthened during adolescence. Amygdala The emotional center of the brain, home to such primal feelings as fear and rage. When processing emotional information, teens rely more heavily on the amygdala. Adults depend more on the rational prefrontal cortex, a part of the brain that is underdeveloped in teens.

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20. Mammalian Brain emotions

21. 12/7/2015 Needs of the Primitive Brain… its own territory physical comfort- warmth, absence of hunger to belong and enjoys rituals which confirm identity-routines, clear procedures, etc. to feel safe: physically and emotionally- Fight or Flight and flocking behaviours Monitoring motor functions Rote behaviours Responsible for…

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23. Hypothalamus controls most primitive emotions: Fear, Anger, Aggression Fully functioning at birth 1 st voice you hear in your head Amygdala Controls the more sophisticated emotions: love, jealousy, attraction, kindness 2 nd voice you hear Healthy development through modeling, parenting & other environmental cues Key Components of the Limbic System The two stay in communication with each other via pathways along the hippocampus (responsible also for forming new memories*)

24. 12/7/2015 Divided into left and right hemispheres. Connected via corpus callosum. Discerns relationships and patterns of meaning. Creates personal metaphors or models for learning. Searches for novelty. Looks for relevance in learning. Needs plenty of stimulation. Requires feedback. Operates on conscious and unconscious level. Works in short bursts of concentration. THE THINKING BRAIN (Neocortex)

25. 12/7/2015 The psychological sentinel of the brain “ Chamber, inner room ” – The Gateway to the Cortex located in the centre of the brain strategic position to act as a relay station: to direct the flow of information Once received, information is sent either to: danger or threat activate hormonal system creating physical changes to the body Amygdala: The psychological sentinel of the brain cortexhypothalamus THALAMUS

26. 12/7/2015 Planning Attention Judgment Reflection Prioritizing Self control Strategizing Sequencing Anticipation Organization Impulse control Second thought Working memory Modulating mood Response flexibility Goal-directed behavior Foresee consequences Brain CEO: Forebrain or Prefrontal Area