1. The United States: The War at Home

2. Mass Production U.S. had to supply a war across the Atlantic Ocean U.S. had to supply a war across the Atlantic Ocean – Exempted shipyard workers from the draft – Prefabrication techniques = faster production – Gov’t. “took” private ships for military use

3. The Government Regulates Industry War Industries Board: War Industries Board: regulated price controls. National War Labor Board: National War Labor Board: Work or Fight! (no strikes) Food Administration Food Administration: food conservation campaigns – 1 day meatless – 2 days porkless – 1 day sweetless – 2 days wheatless “The gospel of the clean plate clean plate”

4. How do you pay for & ‘sell’ a war? Raise taxes bonds Sell “Liberty” & “Victory” bonds Propaganda! Propaganda – Committee on Public Information – Committee on Public Information (CPI) – Thousands of paintings, posters, cartoons, etc. are created to promote the War ■ Not all are convinced to fight Conscientious objector ■ Conscientious objector: a person who opposes warfare on moral grounds (pacifists) “Thou Shall Not Kill”

5. Suspension of Civil Rights Anti-Immigrant Sentiment Alien and Espionage Acts The Alien and Espionage Acts of 1917: – $10,000 fine and/or 20 years in jail speaking out against the war effort. Newspapers shut down. 1 s t A m e n d m e n t ?

6. Women Go to Work! Women’s effort… – Took jobs in factories and at the shipping docks ■ Women’s help in WWI enabled the passage of 1 9th amendment

7. 1918- An Unexpected Problem: Flu Epidemic Spanish Influenza Spanish Influenza (flu) ¼ of U.S. citizens affected – 500,000 Americans die ¼ of U.S. troops affected – Approx. 1/3 of AEF troops die

8. Central Powers Surrender Nov. 3, 1918: Austria - Hungary surrenders Nov. 11, 1918: Germany surrenders Agree to cease-fire and signed armistice/ truce

9. Please answer the following questions in complete sentences 1. How does the United States build a military? 2. How does the United States support shipbuilders? 3. How did the U.S. regulate industries? 4. What did the Alien and Espionage Acts do? 5. How did African Americans and women become involved in the war effort? 6. What killed 1/3 of American Expeditionary Force soldiers?

10. George Creel’s CPI CPI U.S. Committee on Public Info. U.S. Committee on Public Info.