1. Objective: To examine the role of the navy and the battles of Bull Run and Antietam.

2. Battle of Bull Run - Animation
· 1st Union attack on the Confederacy in July of 1861.

3. · The Confederates, led by Gen
· The Confederates, led by Gen. Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson, won the battle.
* This battle showed each side that they needed training.
* It also showed that the war would be long and bloody.

4. July 21, Ruins of the Stone Bridge over which Northern forces retreated until it was blown up by a Rebel shell adding to the panic of the retreat, with the Federals returning to Washington as "a rain-soaked mob."

6. Naval Action
· The Union blockade on Southern ports hurt the South.
· Therefore, the South created an ironclad ship called the Merrimack to attack the Union navy.

7. In response, the North created an ironclad ship called the Monitor.
* Ironclad ships changed naval warfare forever!
The U.S.S. Monitor was the first Union iron-clad ship. This picture shows the deck and the turret of the U.S.S. Monitor.

8. USS Monitor in action with CSS Virginia, 9 March 1862

9. The Hunley – The world’s first submarine, designed and used in the Civil War by the Confederacy.

10. Illustration of the H.L. Hunley submarine with its bow-mounted spar torpedo.

11. Friends of the Hunley
H. L. Hunley, suspended from a crane during its recovery from Charleston Harbor, August 8, 2000.

12. Antietam
· The Confederate General Robert E. Lee decided to attack the Union in Maryland, on Union soil, in September of 1862.
· Over 23,000 Union and Confederate troops were killed or wounded.

13. Dead Confederate soldiers after the Battle of Antietam (from Starke's Louisiana Brigade)

14. Lincoln with McClellan and staff after the Battle of Antietam
Lincoln with McClellan and staff after the Battle of Antietam. Notable figures (from left) are 6. McClellan; Lincoln; 16. Capt. George Armstrong Custer.

15. President Lincoln and Gen. George B
President Lincoln and Gen. George B. McClellan in the general's tent near the Antietam battlefield, October 3, 1862.