1. Cell Structure

2. Divisions of Cell Type Prokaryotes- – No Nucleus (Bacteria) Eukaryotes- – Nucleus (Animal cells. You)

3. Organization of the cell Plasma membrane - encompasses the functional cell unit – Membranes segregate most other individual components of the cell Nucleus Organelles Cytoplasm - suspension of fluid with various cellular elements

4. Plasma membrane is selectively permeable. This allows for isolated chemical environments.

5. How is the Double membrane possible ???

7. The cytoplasm consists of a clear liquid (cytosol), a supportive cytoskeleton (that also aids in cell movement), and networks of membranes and organelles Inside the cell: Cytoplasm

8. Cytoplasm Cytoskeleton + Cytosol = Cytoplasm Cytosol - The clear fluid portion of the cytoplasm in which the particles are dispersed is called Cytosol – this contains mainly dissolved proteins, electrolytes, and glucose.

9. Cell Nucleus

10. Cell Membrane Nucleus Nucleolus

11.  Inside the cell: Cell Nucleus:  large organelle bounded by a double-layered nuclear membrane  The site of cellular control  Holds genetic information—DNA & RNA  Contains chromatin  loosely coiled fibers of protein and DNA  Contains the nucleolus  composed of RNA and protein and is the site of ribosome production

12. Rough ER & Smooth ER

13.  Inside the cell: Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)  made up of membranes, flattened sacs, & vesicles  provides a tubular transport system inside the cell  Rough ER: ER + ribosomes-functions in protein synthesis  Smooth ER: ER without ribosomes-functions in lipid synthesis

14.  Inside the cell: Ribosomes  Found attached to rough ER or scattered throughout the cytoplasm  Composed of protein and RNA  Functions in protein synthesis

15. Protein Synthesis and Transport

16.  Inside the cell: Golgi Apparatus (GA)  composed of flattened sacs, and refines, packages, modifies, & delivers proteins  vesicles formed on ER travel to the GA  GA modifies vesicle contents chemically-prepares them for transport out of cell  Vesicles form a “delivery service”, carrying chemicals throughout the cell (vesicle trafficking).

17. Mitochondria

18.  Inside the cell: Mitochondria  the “powerhouses” of the cell  contain enzymes needed for aerobic respiration (a form of efficient ATP production)  Very active cells contain thousands of mitochondria  example: skeletal muscle

19. Vesicle A small, membranous sac that can be used for transportation

20.  Inside the cell: Lysosomes & Peroxisomes  Lysosomes are the "garbage disposals" of the cell & contain digestive enzymes to break up old cell components and bacteria  Peroxisomes contain enzymes that function in the synthesis of bile acids, breakdown of lipids, degradation of rare biochemicals, and detoxification of alcohol

22. Using The List of Organelles Create a functional analogy 1.Cell membrane 2.Cytosol 3.Cytoskeleton 4.Nucleus 5.DNA 6.RNA 7.Smooth ER 8.Rough ER 9.Ribosomes 10.Mitochondria 11.Lysosomes 12.Peroxisomes 13.Golgi Apparatus Include a key explaining your analogy.