1. Asia

2. India  British policies and the demand for self- rule led to the Indian independence movement led by Indian National Congress

3. India  Mohandas Gandhi used civil disobedience (Refusal to obey civil laws in an effort to induce change in governmental policy) and passive resistance (non-violent protest) to help promote independence from Great Britain

4. India cont.  Political and religious divisions led to two separate nations  Hindu India  Muslim Pakistan India Pakistan

5. India cont. Pakistan divided into two countries  Pakistan - former West Pakistan  Bangladesh - former East Pakistan Sri Lanka (former Ceylon) became a country with the help of Britain

6. Indian Democracy  After M. Gandhi’s death, Jawaharlal Nehru (a close associate of Gandhi) took over  Supported western-style industrialization and helped to ease financial problems in the nation  1950 constitution sought to prohibit (end) caste (strict social classes) discrimination

7. Indira Gandhi  Developed closer relationship between India and Soviet Union during the Cold War  Developed nuclear program

8. Republic of India  World’s largest democratic nation today  Has a federal system that gives many powers to the state

9. China BBitter civil war for decades between Nationalists and Communists CCreation of two Chinas CChiang Kai-Shek (Jiang Jieshi): Nationalist China on Taiwan MMao Tse-Tung (Zedong): Communist China on mainland CContinuing conflict between the Chinas Chiang Mao

10. The Chinas Today  Mainland China  Deng Xiaoping-reformed economy to included some free-market ideas although the communist government maintained control  Led to rapid economic growth  Taiwan  U.S gave them aid for many years  Led to rapid economic growth

11. Vietnam  Vietnam was a colony of France during imperialism  Ho Chi Minh with his communist guerilla group declared Vietnam independent in 1945  Fighting broke out b/t Minh and French

12. Vietnam  Vietnam was divided along the 17th parallel  North Vietnam: Communist with help of China and USSR  South Vietnam: Non- communist with help of France and U.S. because of containment

13. Vietnam cont.  U.S helped until 1974  1975, S. Vietnam surrendered to N. Vietnam  Vietnam Today  United as a communist country