1. Legal Protection for Cryonics Patients
How brain cryopreservation research can contribute
Chana de Wolf, M.S.
Advanced Neural Biosciences

2. Strategies for Legal Protection of Cryonics Patients
Persuade the medical establishment that cryonics patients deserve legal protection because we believe so. OR
Present evidence that cryonics patients are not dead according to contemporary criteria of death.

3. Legal Criteria for Death
Cardio-respiratory death: irreversible cessation of heart beat and breathing.
Brain death: irreversible cessation of electrical activity in the brain.

4. Brain Death
Accidental brain death: severe ischemic insults or head trauma.
Brain death as choice: contemporary medicine gives up…..
BUT WE DON’T!

5. How to Prevent Brain Death?
Cryopreserve terminal patients and maintain them at cryogenic temperatures.
Can this be done?

6. Brain Cryopreservation Research
First objective: good preservation of brain ultrastructure.
Second objective: preserve viability of brain slices.
Third objective: demonstrate maintenance of electrical activity in brain slices.
Fourth objective: demonstrate maintenance of electrical activity in the whole brain.

7. Ultrastructural Brain Preservation

8. Viability in Brain Slices
April 2006: Published survival of vitrified
brain slices (Pichugin, Fahy, et al).
100% viability of vitrified hippocampal
slices as measured by K+/Na+ ratios
Slices also looked great when observed
by light and electron microscopy

9. Electrical Activity in Brain Slices
2008: Recovery of electrical activity of vitrified brain slices when:
Immediately rewarmed after vitrification
Stored at -135C for 1-7 days
Vitrified using M22, VEG, or VM3
Measured field EPSPs in response to stimulation were similar to control tissue
% responding and amplitude of response
Persistence of the LTP “Memory Response” after vitrification and rewarming

10. Electrical Activity in Whole Brain
No public announcements to date.
Objective: peer reviewed publication of maintenance of electrical activity after vitrification and rewarming.

11. Cryonics Patients are NOT Dead
Public recognition of successful brain vitrification can be used to seek legal protection for cryonics patients.
We are not just saying these patients are not dead, mainstream criteria do.

12. How to Accomplish This? Support brain cryopreservation research
Aggressive PR efforts to communicate brain preservation research objectives and achievements.
Seek legal protection for cryonics patients
Demand cryonics as an elective in-hospital procedure.

13. Other Benefits of Brain Cryopreservation Research
Increased recognition of the technical feasibility of cryonics with scientists and the general public.
Improved cryopreservation procedures for existing members of cryonics organizations.