1. Workshop Wien 2006

2. Two paradigms in HE ”Moralistic””Democratic” Absence of IllnessQuality of life and absence of illness Life style / behaviourConditions of life and life style Closed concept of healthOpen concept of health Behaviour modificationAction competence Individual behaviourIndividual and collective actions Moralizing Participatory

3. Previous versions of E.E.: New versions of E.E.: We (environmentally conscious adults and teachers) know how best to solve environmental problems. Nature has intrinsic value. "Conservation" means preserving nature, avoiding human interference. The health concept is not prominent in environmental education. Focus on different values. No focus on equality between individuals and nations. Decisions on how to solve environmental problems need to involve all. Humans have values and interests regarding life in and with nature. "Nature protection" is especially about creating habitats allowing nature's diversity to unfold. The health concept is a key component of environmental education. Focus on conflicting social interests, and on personal (inner) conflicts. Considerable focus on equality between individuals and nations.

4. Selective traditions of environmental education Fact-based environmental education Normative environmental education Pluralistic environmental education (Johan Öhman 2005)

5. Four Paradigms of Health Promotion and Health Education The traditional perspective: experts possess the knowledge and the aim of health promotion is transmission of knowledge and encouraging behaviour change The humanist perspective: the goal of education is to assist individuals in developing their capacities and personal resources so that they can develop healthy lifestyles

6. Four Paradigms of Health Promotion and Health Education cont. The radical humanist perspective: individual empowerment is seen as the main aim of health promotion. Alongside this, individuals are encouraged to form social and economic networks. The radical structuralist perspective: the origin of health problems lies in structural issues; therefore the aim of health promotion is to address relationships between health and social factors