1. Europeans Compete in North America?
EQ: How did Spain, who started off so strong, get booted from being the most powerful European Power in the New World?

2. Europeans Compete in North America
John Cabot, an Italian native, began to explore for England and left for the North Atlantic in May 1497
He explored Newfoundland and may have explored Chesapeake Bay, we do not know because his ship disappeared

3. Europeans Compete in North America
England, France and Holland realized that the new lands were not Asia and began to look for the Northwest Passage.
In 1524, Giovanni da Verrazano, searched for the passage for France.
He explored from North Carolina to Newfoundland.
Jacque Cartier also made three trips to the New World from France, he discovered the St. Lawrence River and went up to Montreal

4. Europeans Compete in North America
By 1530, Europe had been split between the Roman Catholic Church and the Protestant Church.
England had become Protestant because the King wanted a divorce and the Catholic Church would not allow it.

5. Europeans Compete in North America
Religious tensions caused uncertainty, which made European leaders to think that they could not trust each other.
This led to mercantilism, or the use of the colonies to benefit the home country in Europe.

6. Europeans Compete in North America
After a series of deaths in the royalty of England, Protestant Queen Elizabeth I restarted the rivalry with Roman Catholic Spain.
A great deal of internal strife within England prevented them from getting too involved with early explorations of The Americas. They did some, but not as much as the Spanish.

7. Spanish Armada

8. Spanish Armada
In 1588, Catholic Spain sends a whole fleet to Protestant England, in an attempt to invade England with an Army.
The Spanish Fleet was bigger and more powerful, but slower. They ran aground on sandbars in the England Channel and were slaughtered by the English Navy.
The defeat of the Spanish Armada marks a MASSIVE shift of power in Europe. How do you think this affects colonization of the Americas?

9. Europeans Compete in North America
English explorer, Henry Hudson, made four voyages to find the North West Passage.
By 1609, he reached New York and what is now the Hudson River
On his fourth trip, his crew was very unhappy with the icy waters they found themselves in so they mutinied against him, and threw him and his son off the boat.

10. France and the Netherlands in North America
The French began to settle colonies in the early 1600’s
In 1603, Samuel de Champlain made his first voyage to the St. Lawrence River, when he returned, he established Quebec

11. France and the Netherlands in North America
The French were different then the Spanish, in New Spain, the Spanish wanted gold, silver and precious metals. The French wanted furs and fish
The French traded with the Native Americans, they did not enslave them.
Champlain established the first trading post, in Nova Scotia in 1604.

12. France and the Netherlands in North America
It was not until the late 1600’s that the French began to farm.
In 1670, French missionary Jacque Marquette founded two missions along the Great Lakes
In 1673, Marquette and Louis Joliet, a trader, found what is now Green Bay, Wisconsin.
They found the Mississippi River, and traveled down, to the Arkansas River

13. France and the Netherlands in North America
The Dutch also claimed land based on Henry Hudson.
In 1610, Dutch traders began to trade with the Native Americans.
They made so much money, they set up the Dutch West India Company
This land that the Dutch settled was called New Netherland

14. France and the Netherlands in North America
The British wanted this Dutch land because it prevented the settlers from moving westward.
The British seized New Netherland and renamed the territory New York, after the King’s brother, the Duke of York.

15. France and the Netherlands in North America
The Dutch and the French began to make alliances with the Native Americans.
The French became trading partners with the Huron’s
The Huron’s and Iroquois were enemies so the Dutch became trading partners with the Iroquois.

16. Native Tribes and Europeans
Competing tribes established alliances with competing Europeans. For example, if Tribe A didn’t like Tribe B, and Tribe A established an alliance with the French, with whom do you think Tribe B would seek an alliance with?
England, Spain, etc…anyone but the same European power Tribe A is aligned with.