1. Growth & Development Unit Four: Parenting P.I.E.S + M -- Physical, Intellectual, Emotional, Social and Moral Development

2. Physical Growth & Development Involves the actual growth of all body tissues Bones, muscles, organs and body systems become bigger and able to perform more complex actions Fine motor skills – based on the growth of small muscles (fingers) Gross motor skills – based on the growth of large muscles (legs & arms)

3. Intellectual Growth & Development Learning depends on brain growth and stimulation of the brain and central nervous system by the five senses Brain growth during the earliest years of life is critical to cognitive development (ability to understand and learn)

4. Emotional Growth & Development Emotional development is the process of developing positive feelings about oneself, family, friends and the world. Every child is born with a temperament (sensitive, placid, aggressive) Children need to develop a full range of feelings and learn to handle the feelings appropriately

5. Social Development Social development progresses from being completely self-centered and dependent as an infant to becoming an independent adult Mature social skills include being able to make and keep friends, form intimate relationships, get along with others, function as an individual and as part of a team.

6. Social Development…con’t Social development depends a lot on the relationship (attachment) that is formed with the child’s primary care providers

7. Moral Development Process of learning right from wrong Caring behaviour is rooted in biology (we are wired to be caring) Nurturing environment encourages moral behaviour

8. Parents need to be nurturing for best development Healthy and positive human growth and development depend on nurturing relationships. Nurturing relationships include three (3) elements: –Comfort –Play –Teach

9. Comfort Children may become frustrated, anxious or overwhelmed Parents/caregiver must use appropriate response to help the child Gentle rocking and soothing are appropriate for infant/toddler Calming words may be more appropriate for older children

10. Play Play exercises a growing body and mind Provides a way to express emotions and develop socially Parents/caregivers who play with children contribute to the child’s development while strengthening their relationship

11. Teach Teaching provides children with the “know-how” to accomplish important tasks Ex: A parent can teach a child to climb the stairs safely

12. Human Development Physical (maturing body and how to use it) Intellectual (growing mind) Emotional (changing feelings about self, others) Social (become less selfish and work with others) Moral (learning right from wrong)