1. Chapter 2: Mesopotamia & Persia
Lesson 2: Sumer & Babylon

2. Warm-up 9-4-14 Ch.2 Mesopotamia
Whip around:
On a new sheet of paper write 1 thing you know about the Mesopotamian world.
Pass that paper to the person on your right.
On the paper you received, write something different or additional about the Mesopotamian world.
Obj: SWBAT apply knowledge of ancient Mesopotamia to describe the context of the people on an exit slip.
Chapter
Warm-up:
Homework Due Friday
Read Chapter 2, Pg.
Cue Cards (7) Due: Chapter 2
Refer to Chapter sheet

3. Intro to Ancient Mesopotamian Art
Ancient Mesopotamian Art Context
Humanity had settled in farms
The use of plows and irrigation canals
This area was known as the “Fertile Crescent”
Area between Iraq and Iran, around the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
The first clear narrative in art appears

4. Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY
For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights.

5. Sumerian Art Sumerian Dates: 3500 BCE- 2332 BCE
Key Locations: southern Iraq
Contextual Information:
Composed of city-states— independent self-governing city
Sumerian rulers were viewed as the god’s representatives on earth & keepers of earthly treasures
Food and resources were readily available so many people could do other jobs—manufacture, trade, administration
Institutionalized defense—armies formed by the government

6. Sumerian Art
Sumerian
Writing appeared—scratching of pictographs in soft clay
Simple pictures standing for words
Cuneiforms– wedge shapes signs pressed into clay—beginnings of writing
Appearance of literature: The Epic of Gilgamesh
Story of Gilagmesh, a Uruk king who slayed the monster Huwana

7. Class Expectations
1. Students are respectful of everyone and all belongings
2. Students are prepared and on time with all materials
3. Students follow directions the first time given
4. Students keep food and drinks away during class (water only)
5. Students keep personal electronics off and out of sight (explicit permission will be given to use electronics).
Hoods off
Food Away
Backpacks, purses, bags, etc. on back of chair or under desk

8. Announcements: Agenda: Quiz grades are in the grade book
Make up/re-take quiz today or Thursday after school
Make sure you have your text book
Pass back graded work
Agenda:
Warm-up
Announcements and Reminders
Finish presentations
Babylonian art
Office Hours
Tuesday 3:00-4:00
Thursday 3:00-4:00

9. Subscribe to Mrs. Quiggle’s webpage
Go to the Hawthrone high school website and search “Quiggle”. Go to the class page.
Homework
Go Here

11. Cue Card Groups 3-4 people to one group
Exchange phone numbers and s
All works of art to be covered in this course WILL NOT be addressed during class.
It will be your responsibility to research those not covered.
You will create “Cue Cards,” like flash cards, of all artworks for homework.
Divide the list of artworks for each chapter among your group and complete your part then share info with your group--combine your efforts to complete all cue cards.

12. Daily Notes/Warm-ups (Cornell Notes)
Chapter
Warm-up:
Chapter 1 Pre-Historic art
Chapter
Key Terms & Questions
Notes
Chapter 1 Summary
Lecture summary or end of lesson question & Answer

13. Intro to Mesopotamia Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY
For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights.

14. Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY
For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights.

15. Intro to Ancient Mesopotamian Art
Ancient Mesopotamian Art Context
Humanity had settled in farms
The use of plows and irrigation canals
This area was known as the “Fertile Crescent”
Area between Iraq and Iran, around the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
The first clear narrative in art appears

16. Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY
For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights.

17. Stylistic Characteristics
Style –
The manner of doing something
A distinctive appearance
Think of different fonts:
Font
Example: Prehistoric art
Pictures horses and bison in profile
Animal drawn in composite view or ‘twisted perspective’—head in profile but horns from the front.

18. What was the purpose of this structure?
Temple (cella)
What was the purpose of this structure?
Ziggurat
2-2 Reconstruction drawing of the White Temple and ziggurat
Bent Axis
White Temple and ziggurat, Uruk

19. Sumerian Art White Temple and ziggurat, Uruk
Dates: BCE Materials: mud brick Orientation/Plan: “Ziggurat”—high platform, temple sits on top Bent Axis—2 or more angular changes (in the stairway).

20. Sumerian Art White Temple and ziggurat, Uruk
Function/Significance: Center for administration (gov’t), business and religion. Place to worship deities Large scale = impressive power of ruler/admin/religion

21. Sumerian Art Restored view of the White Temple and ziggurat,
Description: “Ziggurat”—high platform, temple sits on top Bent Axis—2 or more angular changes (in the stairway). “Cella”—central hall where deities appear to priests, the room of the divine
Bent Axis

22. Statuettes of Worshipers
Flashcard
Statuettes of Worshipers
Votive Figures

23. Sumerian Art
Statuettes of two worshipers, from the Square Temple at Eshnunna
Dates: ca BCE
Materials: gypsum, shell inlay, black limestone
Size: 12”-30”
Figures/Narrative Represented:
Mortals/people of Ur
In constant prayer
Hold beakers—for liquid used in rituals

24. Sumerian Art
Statuettes of two worshipers, from the Square Temple at Eshnunna
Style Characteristics:
Simple forms—cones & cylinder
Tiny hands, Large eyes, stiff/rigid
Use of Hierarchical scale
Function/Significance:
Surrogate that prays for the person
Placed in temple “waiting room”

25. Standard of Ur (war side)
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights.
Standard of Ur (war side)
from Tomb 779, Royal Cemetery Ur (modern Tell Muqayyar) Iraq
ca. 2,600 B.C.E.
wood, shell, lapis lazuli, red limestone
approximately 8 x 19 in.

26. Sumerian Art Standard of Ur Dates: ca. 2600-2400 BCE
Materials: Wood box inlaid w/shell, red limestone, lapis lazuli (blue stone)
Size: 8”x 1’7”

27. Sumerian Art Standard of Ur Figures/Narrative Represented:
War side & Peace side
Shows the roles of the ruler
War side = chariots with bodies on the ground, captives brought to the king
Peace side = carrying food, transport animals, entertainment for the king (possible celebration for war victory)

28. Sumerian Art Standard of Ur Style:
Use of “registers”— successive bands (like a comic book)
Use of ground line—painted baseline on which figures stand
Use of hierarchical scale– size of figures indicate importance and status
Composite view--Figures heads in profile, shoulders face forward

29. Sumerian Art Standard of Ur Function: Shows the roles of the ruler
Shows the power and authority of ruler and his army
How does this work represent the new developments in the Mesopotamian/Sumerian world?

30. Standard of Ur Flashcard Narrative Registers

31. Standard of Ur (peace side)
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights.
Standard of Ur (peace side)
from Tomb 779, Royal Cemetery Ur (modern Tell Muqayyar) Iraq
ca. 2,600 B.C.E.
wood, shell, lapis lazuli, red limestone
approximately 8 x 19 in.

32. Slide concept by William V
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights.

33. Stele with code of Hammurabi from Susa, Iran
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights.
Stele with code of Hammurabi
from Susa, Iran
ca. 1,780 B.C.E.
basalt
88 in. high

34. Babylonian Art Stele of Hammurabi
Dates: ca BCE Materials: Black Basalt Size: 7’ 4” Figures/Narrative Represented: Hammurabi (king of Babylon) with Shamesh the sun god Sun god is handing him a rod & ring—symbol of authority The objects are building materials—symbolizes building social order  enforcing laws/making judgments
How does this work represent the new developments in the Mesopotamian world?

35. Babylonian Art Stele of Hammurabi Style Characteristics:
Carved stone relief—high areas project from background
Use of cuneiform characters
Foreshortening attempted—suggested depth in the diagonal of the beard and angle of the throne.
Composite view--face in profile but frontal view of body
Hierarchical scale—king is as important as the god.
How does this work represent the new developments in the Mesopotamian world?

36. Babylonian Art Stele of Hammurabi Function/Significance:
“Stele”– stone slab that is a grave marker or shows historical event
Written laws of the time—commerce, property, murder, theft, slaves, infidelity
How does this work represent the new developments in the Mesopotamian world?

37. Stele with law code of Hammurabi
Predecessor to
Foreshortening –
Depth suggested
by an object at an
angle
Composite Views
Hierarchy of Scale

38. Palace of Darius I and Xerxes I Persepolis, Iran
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights.
Palace of Darius I and Xerxes I
Persepolis, Iran
ca B.C.E.

39. audience hall - apadana)
Persepolis (royal
audience hall - apadana)
Reconstruction of apadana
with bull capitals
Bull Capitals
faculty.evansville.edu/.../sum04/art html

40. Palace of Darius I and Xerxes I Persepolis, Iran
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights.
Palace of Darius I and Xerxes I
Persepolis, Iran
ca B.C.E.

41. Palace of Darius I and Xerxes I Persepolis, Iran
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights.
Palace of Darius I and Xerxes I
Persepolis, Iran
ca B.C.E.

42. How to make Cue Cards
Back

43. How to make Cue Cards

44. Exit Slip
Answer the following in complete sentences:
How has the context of the Mesopotamian people changed from that of the Paleolithic and Neolithic people? Describe the new developments in the world that occurred.
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY
For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights.