1. /k/ Therapy By : Shannon A. Ross July, 25, 2005 30 minute Session Individual Therapy Ages: 3-5

2. ASHA Guidelines Providing prevention, screening, consultation, assessment and diagnosis, treatment, intervention, management, counseling, and follow- up services for disorders of: –Speech (articulation, fluency, resonance, and voice including aeromechanical components of respiration).

3. Behavioral Objectives The client will correctly produce the /k/ phoneme while playing the Road Trip game with 80 percent accuracy. The client will correctly produce the /k/ sound with 85% accuracy during the Assessment Test.

4. Content Characteristics of /k/ –Voicing =Voiceless –Place= Velar –Manner = Stop –Normal Age of Production 4 to 5 years of age.

5. Content Most Common Mis-articulation –/t/ for /k/ substitution Examples –Cake –Take –Corn – Torn –Knock- Knot

6. Content Cause – The tip of the tongue is elevated to the alveolar ridge. Correction- Use a mirror or a tongue depressor to show how the tongue should remain lowered to produce a correct /k/ sound.

7. Possible Questions 1)Are the vocal folds vibrating when producing the /k/ sound? - No 2)Is this phoneme a Stop? –Yes 3)What are examples of the /k/ sound? –Cap, School, Bike, Back, Kite

8. Practice Road Trip Game –At each flower the client will have to correctly produce the /k/ sound in the number of flash cards that is represented on the flower. Each word must be repeated twice. –The clinician must play also, and ask the client if their /k/ sound was produced correctly. This will increase awareness.

9. Assessment Clinician will administer an assessment articulation test and of their choice and score the results (looking for an 85% improvement). –Weiss Articulation Test –Goldman-Fristoe Articulation Test –Photo Articulation Test (PAT)

10. Homework Give the client a list of vocabulary to practice working on If parents are willing participants then also send home a copy of the BINGO worksheet.

11. Materials Needed Blanket Cars Articulation cards Articulation Test Vocabulary words Bingo worksheet

12. References American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (2001). Scope of practice in speech-language pathology. Rockville, MD Bauman-Wagner, J. (2004). Articulatory and Phonological Impairments (2 nd ed). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.