1. By Connie Chu Period A Physics Project

2. Noise Noise is any loud, discordant, or disagreeable sound
Whether something is noisy or not is determined by the person
Noise is also a type of sound

3. How do we determine noise?
Noise is determined by how intense the sound is
Intensity is the rate at which energy flows perpendicular to the direction of wave motion
It is also how loud a sound is
The unit for intensity is watts per square meter (W/m2)

4. Is It Possible to Measure Noise?
Although noise cannot be seen, smelt, tasted, or physically felt, it can actually be measured by the decibel scale in levels
Decibel is a (dimensionless) unit that measures the ratio of the intensity of a sound wave to the intensity at the threshold of hearing
The threshold of hearing is the lowest point on the decibel level that can be heard by the human ear
The symbol for decibel is dB
Because loudness and intensity aren’t exactly directly proportional, they’re measured by a logarithmic method

5. Can noises be too loud?
When noises become too loud or intense, they exceed the threshold of pain
The threshold of pain is the point on the decibel level where noise causes pain when heard by the human ear
To prevent hearing loss or pain from loud noises, workers or musicians wear mufflers or special types of earmuffs to muffle or block out the sound as well as to protect their ears

6. Examples
Decibel Level (dB)
Intensity (W/m2)
Threshold of hearing
1.0 x 10-12
Rustling leaves 10
1.0 x 10-11
Whisper 20
1.0 x 10-9
Mosquito buzz 40
1.0 x 10-8
Normal conversation 60
1.0 x 10-7
Vacuum cleaner 70
1.0 x 10-5
Traffic 80
1.0 x 10-4
Lawn mower 90
1.0 x 10-3
Subway
100
1.0 x 10-2
Rock concert
110
1.0 x 10-1
Threshold of pain
120
1.0 x 100
Machine gun
130
1.0 x 101
Nearby jet plane
150
1.0 x 103

7. How can noise be pollution?

8. Noise Pollution
Noise can be a type of pollution by being irritating to a person or by bothering groups of people as well as disturbing natural habitats if it is excessively loud
There are 2 types of noise pollution:
Those that exceed the threshold of pain
And those that are annoying

9. Have you ever been a victim of noise pollution?

10. Examples of Noise Pollution
Hallways at Rush
People blasting up their car stereos
Airplane flying by at night
Your next door neighbor having a huge party and talking and blasting music real loud while you’re trying to do homework
Those loud motorcycles that speed at night and wake you up
Traffic jams
Birds chirping at dawn
Car alarm going off
Those “bomb” fireworks
Freight trains
Lawnmower
Construction workers building something
…if you’ve experienced any of the above and became annoyed or disturbed, then you’ve been a victim of noise pollution

11. Can noise pollution be deadly?

12. Health Effects
Depending on the person, environment, the type of noise(s), and how the person reacts with any of them, noise pollution, if exposed to it many times, can be deadly
The most common form of health risk is that it can cause high blood pressure and hearing loss
A person can have an increase in blood pressure if he/she becomes extremely mad or irritated every time the noise happens and can do nothing about it.
A person can have hearing loss if exposed too many loud noises and they don’t wear any protective gear

13. Other Health Effects
Hearing a lot of noise can also make you more stressful since it becomes very irritating and the fact that you have to deal with it every day
Becoming more stressful causes problems with the nervous, digestive, and cardiovascular system
It can give you headaches because of stress and irritation
Headaches are related to the nervous system
Because hearing too much noise can cause high blood pressure, you become more at risk for heart disease
It can disrupt your sleep if a loud noise wakes you up constantly
Lack of sleep means you can’t function correctly

14. If noise pollution affects humans, can it affect animals?

15. The answer: Yes
Not only does noise cause problems for us, but it can also make things worse for animals
The most common effect noise pollution causes is the disturbance of habitats and natural senses
For example, loud noises can scare away birds and may cause them to migrate to a different area as well as leaving their nests unprotected
Not only that, but it also limits or reduces animals’ usable habitats
As for natural senses, a bat, being able to hear beyond our threshold of hearing, wouldn’t be able to fly correctly if it hears too many noises or too many loud noises—it’d crash into buildings or objects
Noise doesn’t always cause problems for animals that fly, it can cause problems for predators since they use their hearing to catch their prey
It can also cause reproduction problems since some animals use mating calls to attract the opposite gender

16. If noise pollution can cause bad health effects, disturb natural habitats as well as being very annoying and loud, is the government doing anything to minimize it?

17. The answer: Somewhat
An organization called the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has laws regarding all types of disturbances, pollution, radiation, pesticides, animals’ natural habitats, and natural disasters
They used to control all noises through their Office of Noise Abatement and Control
They used to have laws called the Noise Control Act of 1972 and the Quiet Communities Act of 1978 to limit the use of machinery, appliances, transportation vehicles such as planes and trains, and other commercial merchandises
Although they’re still in effect today, by 1981, Congress decided it was best to let the state or local government handle noise pollution
Some natural parks have a limited amount of how many vehicles, people, and sightseeing flights to reduce noise pollution in the wilderness

18. If noise pollution causes so much problems, how come the government isn’t doing any immediate or strict actions?

19. The Reasons: Private Property, Controversial Topic, and Not Toxic
Noise pollution is considered a “controversial” topic because:
Some people don’t believe noise pollution exists since there’s noise everywhere
An example: People who live near noisy areas, such as near airports, complain about planes taking off and landing, but the city governments say that they should’ve known when choosing there to live
The government also can’t do anything if your noisy object is on private property
For example, no one is going to arrest you for cutting your grass
Another reason why noise pollution isn’t such a major concern is because when compared to air, water, and land pollution, it isn’t toxic and extremely life threatening
Also, noise isn’t something you can see, taste, smell, or touch so people don’t think it’s a big deal

20. How can you prevent noise pollution?

21. The most easiest and simplest way to reduce noise is to talk quieter and softer.

22. Are there places in the world where noise doesn’t exist?

23. Well there are places…
Called libraries that prohibit noise and noise pollution
As for an actual answer, I don’t know but I can give you my theory:
I believe that places without any modern electronic technological devices, such as cars, radios, etc. and barely or no animals or humans that inhabit the area, have no noise
Examples are:
Parts of Antarctica
The very bottom of the ocean
Parts of Greenland
Parts of northern Canada, Alaska, Russia, Sweden, and Norway
At the peaks of mountains
Deserts (the ones with nothing but sand and snow)
Places that have a vast grassland with no trees or little shrubs
Sound recording studios
Places that have had a nuclear meltdown

25. References http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/sound/u11l2b.cfm
Textbook
Vocabulary pages
Noise pollution pages