1. Signalling: Convergence of needs
Suburban Railways / Metro Networks
Signalling: Convergence of needs

2. Characteristics of metro and mainline are different, but requirements are increasingly convergent
Passenger services
Typically single service
Consistent service pattern
Mixed speeds and traffic types
Wide variation in route and pattern
Journeys
Short
Long
Trains
Single fleet
High acceleration
Door layout optimised for boarding and alighting
Interior designed for carrying capacity (standing and seating)
Mixed fleet
Low acceleration
Door layout and interior designed for maximum seating capacity
Operations
Turn up and go
Focus on headway (service frequency)
Timetable
Focus on timetable adherence
Capacity demand
Very high
Variable across route and region
Track
No/limited branch lines
Lines separate, interconnection via station
Many branch lines
No line separation, interconnection via platform
Platform
Passenger/dwell time management
Seconds count
Minutes count

3. Background of CBTC and ETCS
Application
Metro
Mainline
Sponsor
Individual metro customers
European Commission
Primary objective
Capacity
Interoperability
Unified safety level
Development
Supplier (proprietary technology)
ERA and UNISIG (to standardized interfaces and functions)
Signalling unlocks other benefits
Capacity
Cost
Customer
Carbon

4. CBTC – communications-based train control system
Definition according to IEEE
Continuous, high-capacity, bidirectional train-to-wayside data communications
Train location determination, independent of physical track vacancy (vital train location calculated onboard)
Onboard and wayside equipment performing vital functions
Implementation: The former inductive loop- based system has now been replaced by a radio-based system (wireless communications).

5. Benefits of CBTC Area Requirement High level of safety
Fail-safe system (SIL 4), proven technology
Investment according to GoA level, price according to required function, proven technology
Investment/procurement
Lowest design headway following the moving-block principle
Headway
High availability, flexibility, energy savings,
minimisation of delays
Operation
Reduced waiting (at stations) and travel time,
smoother riding by advanced train control
Passenger comfort
Futureproof
Stepwise (later on) adaptable to higher level of automation

6. Trainguard MT in ITC mode
Movement authority
Rear safety distance
Safe braking distance
Block section
Balise providing intermittent communication
Train with intermittent communication
ATO available in ITC fallback mode!

7. ITC wayside equipment Signalling point Lineside electronic unit (LEU)
Transparent balise
Fixed balise
Trainguard MT allows minimum balise equipment – only in suburban areas (operating in ITC mode, ETCS Level 1-like).

8. Moving block Trainguard MT Interoperability
Trainguard MT in CTC mode Fixed-block intermittent communication and moving-block continuous communication
Moving block
Trainguard MT
Interoperability
Full-equipment Wi-Fi radio in urban areas (operating in CTC mode, CBTC)

9. Trainguard MT – ITC system architecture

10. Trainguard MT – CTC system architecture

11. Benefits of ETCS platform usage for Metro
Sustainable/future-proof solution as ETCS is becoming a global standard
Reduction of the risk of obsolescence
Possible pooling of spare parts for maintenance
Easy Migration:
Wayside compatibility with TPWS suburban trains
No dual equipment of balise, odometry, etc.
Siemens recommends to make use of ETCS components for the Indian CBTC platform.

12. Maintenance costs increase at the end of life cycle
Bathtub curve Typical course of failure versus time
End-of-life wear-out Increasing failure rate
Infant mortality Decreasing failure rate
failure rate
Normal life (useful life) Low “constant” failure rate
Obsolescense
Time

13. Mass transit meets mainline
Example projects
Mass transit meets mainline

14. Crossrail Project characteristics
15 billion GBP project, the largest infrastructure project in Europe
1.5 billion people will be connected to the business centres of London within 45 min.
21 km double tube under the centre of London
63 trainsets (10 cars)
Siemens’ portion:
Connects the existing mainline network
Signalling and control (C620)
Maidenhead and Heathrow in the west
Communications and control (C660)
Shenfield and Abbey Wood in the east

15. Crossrail Transition from ETCS to CBTC
ETCS reads the LTA CBTC BG.
Driver to acknowledge the LTA.
ETCS activates the CBTC OBU.
Establishment of the communication link to the CBTC trackside unit
The CBTC OBU reads the CBTC BG to locate the train and send the position report.
The CBTC OBU receives the MA and is now ready to control the train.
ETCS reads the LT CBTC BG.
Driver to acknowledge the LT.
Following acknowledgment, ETCS transfers control of the train to the CBTC OBU.
CBTC now controls the train.
MA – Movement authority LT – Level transition LTA – Level transition announcement BG – Balise group

16. Sosa Wonsi Line, South Korea
Max. speed 110 kph Design headways 90 s Installation mid-2016
More mixed suburban / Metro Railways:
Sbahn
Next in Paris
Thameslink UK.

17. Future-Proof: Migration from AWS+ to ETCS/TPWS
OBU
S/W Upload
HMI
Balise Antennae
Engine Magnet
Odometer
Tacho
Axle counter
Track circuits
Balise
Track Magnet
Siemens is already offering this upgrade possibility to its existing clients, for instance in Cairo and in Mumbai, Siemens has offered to replace the legacy ZUB111 ATP system equipping all trains with an ETCS Level 1 OBU running an emulation of the ZUB111 software. Later on, the operators will have the choice to upgrade the OBU to a Trainguard MT system (CBTC) or a Trainguard 100 (ETCS Level 1) Carborne subsystem.
We also did that in Madrid legacy TBS100 to CBTC

18. Thank you for your attention! Danyavad!.