1. CHAPTER 1 CITIZENSHIP AND GOVERNMENT IN A DEMOCRACY

2. GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE, BY THE PEOPLE, FOR THE PEOPLE SECTION 1

3. WHAT IS CIVICS? Civics  the study of rights and duties of citizens Citizens  have certain rights and duties. Community members who owe loyalty to the government and are entitled to protection from it. Government  the ruling authority for a community

4. THOMAS HOBBES English Political Thinker form 1600s. Believed that without government life would be “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.”

5. FUNCTIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT Keeping Order and Providing Security Providing Public Services Guiding the Community Public policy  a course of government action to achieve community goals. Budget  a plan for collecting and spending money.

6. LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT National  Washington, D.C. State  Alabama County  Randolph County Local  Woodland School  Student Council, FFA, PTA, Board of Education

7. DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT Dictatorship  government controlled by one person or a small group of people Democracy  all citizens share in governing and being governed. Direct democracy  all the citizens met to debate government matters and vote firsthand. Representative democracy  citizens choose a smaller group to represent them, make laws, and govern on their behalf, but the people remain the source of the government’s authority.

8. PRINCIPLES OF AMERICAN DEMOCRACY “government of the people, by the people, for the people.” –Abraham Lincoln First, the power of the government comes from the citizens Second, Americans themselves, acting through their representatives, run their government. Third, the purpose of the government is to make the US a better place for those who live here. Finally, free, fair, and competitive elections Majority rule  citizens agree that when differences of opinion arise, we will abide by what most people want.

9. THE PATH TO CITIZENSHIP SECTION 2

10. WHO ARE AMERICA’S CITIZENS? Citizen by birth Naturalization Process Aliens  noncitizens Immigrants  people who move permanently to a new country

11. STEPS TO NATURALIZATION Aliens who want to become citizens must sign a statement saying that Declaration of Intention is filed with the US Citizenship and Immigration Services Take classes to prepare for citizenship Interview with a USCIS official Citizenship exam If application is granted, the final step is attending a ceremony and pledging an oath of allegiance Then signs a document and is declared a citizen

12. ALIENS IN AMERICA Illegal aliens Legal aliens

13. THE DIVERSITY OF AMERICANS SECTION 3

14. A NATION OF IMMIGRANTS European Settlers African Immigrants Population Diversity

15. A GROWING AND CHANGING POPULATION Migration  a mass movement of people

16. UNITY AMONG CITIZENS Patriotism  love for one’s country Terrorism  the use of violence by groups against civilians to achieve a political goal.