1. Newton’s Laws of Motion
Forces in Motion
Newton’s Laws of Motion

2. Terms
Inertia~the tendency of all objects to resist any change in motion
Momentum~ a property of a moving object that depends on the object’s mass and velocity

3. Newton’s First Law of Motion
An object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion remains in motion at constant speed and in a straight line unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
Objects at rest
Not moving
Won’t move unless a push or pull is exerted on them
Object in motion
Continues forever at same speed & in same direction unless an unbalanced force acts on it.

4. Newton’s First Law of Motion
Friction and Newton’s First Law
Friction makes it difficult to observe
Friction is an unbalanced force which changes motion
Inertia is related to mass
1st law sometimes called the law of inertia
Why you slide when car makes a turn
Mass is a measure of inertia
Small mass → less inertia
Easier to change motion of object with a small mass

5. Newton’s Second Law of Motion
The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied
Acceleration depends on mass
Acceleration decreases as mass increases when the same amount of force is applied
Acceleration depends on force
Acceleration increases as force increases when the mass is the same
Expressing it mathematically
F=m·a
A=F/m

6. Newton’s Third Law of Motion
Whenever one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first.
Force pairs do not act on the same object
The effect of a reaction can be difficult to see
More examples:
Rabbit hopping
Bat hitting ball
Shuttle taking off

7. Momentum is a Property of Moving Objects
More momentum ~ harder it is to stop or change its direction
Momentum is Conserved
Any time 2 or more objects interact, they may exchange momentum, but the total amount of momentum stays the same
Momentum before collision = momentum after collision
Conservation of momentum & Newton’s third law
Because action & reaction forces are equal and opposite, momentum is conserved

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12. elements