1. The Middle Colonies American Pageant- Ch3- M. Carter www.artlumi.co.uk

2. New England Confederation Inter-colonial unity Puritan colonies Massachusetts (Plymouth and MBC) Connecticut (Hartford and smaller settlements) Intentionally left out “Rogues’ Island” GOAL: defend against common enemies

3. Early neglect From the first settlement @ Jamestown, England did not get overly involved in colonial affairs Issues, such as fighting between Spain and England, further distracted England. English Civil War further kept them distracted.

4. Restoration Charles II, restoration of a king to the thrown, began a period of tighter control from England. New colonies appeared= “restoration colonies”= Carolinas & Georgia Enforcement of laws Revocation of long-held charters= loss of self-government

5. England tightens her grip Governing bodies are forcefully disbanded Navigation Laws enforced- required colonists to trade with Britain and British colonies –Increase in smuggling Creation of the Dominion of New England

6. Sir Edmund Andros Dominion of New England –Why was this body so hated, compared to the New England Confederation? Infringed upon their liberties –Restricted town meetings –Taxing without consent of the governed –Revocation of legal documents and governance

7. Glorious Revolution After nearly 30 years on the verge of rebellion, colonists were relieved when James II was dethrowned and replaced with William and Mary. Life in the colonies did not return to “normal” but they entered into a term of “salutary neglect.”

8. Salutary Neglect A period to time when the British “neglect” the colonies. They are hands- off and pay little attention to what is going on. During this time period the colonists will be more independent and learn to defend themselves, govern themselves, and depend upon each other. Ultimately, this will be one factor leading to the American Revolution.

9. MIDDLE COLONIES

10. Dutch (Holland) New Netherlands Now known as New York City Ethnically diverse Port for trade

11. Swedes New Sweden Now known as Delaware Short-lived colony Captured by the Dutch, under the leadership of Peter Stuyvesant around 1655

12. England Captures both colonies Controls from GA to ME Renamed New Amsterdam to New York

13. Pennsylvania “Penn’s Woods” Refuge for Quakers Land of religious tolerance Political freedoms Friendly with Native Americans Very diverse ethnically Socially stratified William Penn Land granted in return for a debt owed to his father Philadelphia- “City of Brotherly Love” Proprietary colony

14. Who are Quakers? Society of Friends Pacifists Social reform First abolitionists Strong work ethic Strong religious beliefs

15. Life in the Middle Colonies New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania “breadbasket” Land & climate were better than in NE Large seaports for shipping Most tolerant colonies Democratic spirit Ethnic diversity