1. 1 Instructional Strategies EDC 312 Chapter 8 Dr. Diane Kern

2. 2 What and why Plan instruction, choosing teacher- centered and/or student-centered instructional strategies as appropriate You will be able to write a lesson plan that includes: 1.measurable objectives 2.an effective lesson opening 3.direct instruction (modeling, guided practice, independent practice) 4.an effective lesson closing

3. 3 Writing measurable objectives  The student will…  Include measurable verbs Use backward design… 1.Identified desired results 2.Determine acceptable evidence 3.Plan instructional activities

4. 4 Set induction/anticipatory set  Activate and assess prior knowledge  Concrete experience  Visualizing  Advance organizer

5. 5 Advance Organizer Anticipation Guide for Faithful Elephants (Tsuchiya, 1951) Read each statement below and write whether you agree or disagree with each statement. Agree Disagree _______ ________ 1. War only hurts people. _______ ________ 2. People are more important than animals. _______ ________ 3. Wild animals have feelings. _______ ________ 4. War can hurt animals. _______ ________ 5. Animals count on humans to protect them. _______ _________ 6. It would be fun to be a zookeeper.

6. 6 Teacher-centered Direct Instruction  Review previously learned content or strategy  State objective of lesson (what and why!)  Present new information in logical steps  Provide guided practice  Assess student practice  Provide independent practice  Provide frequent follow-up reviews

7. 7 Homework  Goal—independent practice  Work that student can complete with little or no help  Age-appropriate  All family-friendly

8. 8 Teacher-centered methods  Lecture  Text-based lecture  Mastery learning

9. 9 Mastery Learning  Students demonstrate mastery of one topic before moving to the next—80%  Assumptions… 1.Almost all students can learn topic to mastery 2.Some students need more time 3.Some students need more assistance

10. 10 Discussions  Teacher-led  Socratic method  Debates  Panel discussions  Fish Bowl  Literature Circles

11. 11 Discussion:Planning for quality questions  Knowledge: Remember; recognize; recall who, what, where…  Comprehension: Interpret, retell, organize, and select facts  Application: Subdivide information and show how it can be put back together; how is this an example of that?  Analysis: What are the features of…? How does this compare with…?  Synthesis: Create a unique product that combines ideas from the lesson; what would you infer from…?  Evaluation: Make a value decision about an issue in the lesson; what criteria would you use to assess...?

12. 12 Student-centered instruction  Cooperative learning  Discovery Learning  Student research…I-search  Computer-based research  Peer tutoring  Authentic activities

13. 13 So what!? There is no single best kind of teacher and best method of teaching, although student-centered methods have been proven to raise student achievement, especially critical thinking. You will need both teacher-centered and student-centered methods in your “teaching toolkit” as you build and repair your lesson plans.

14. 14 Exit activity  Of all the instructional methods shared today, which one do you like best and why? Give an example of this method at your target grade level and content area.

15. Next up  Workshop Effective Lesson Planning  Lesson Plan draft due  Chapter 10 Assessment (not Ch. 9!) 15