1. Outcome: Modern Africa
The Story of Africa
Outcome: Modern Africa

2. Modern Africa Setting the Stage:
European colonization has left quite a mess on the African continent making it difficult for various different ethnic groups to coincide peacefully
Segregation, AIDS, power, and genocide have ripped Africa apart in recent years

4. South Africa

5. Modern Africa Apartheid in South Africa
A system of legal racial segregation enforced by the National Party government of South Africa between 1948 and 1993
Rights of the majority ‘non-white’ inhabitants were curtailed
Minority rule by whites was maintained
Legislation classified inhabitants into racial groups (black, white, coloured, and India)
Residential areas were segregated, sometimes by forced removals
Some say 3.5 million were removed between the 1960s and 1980s
The National Party passed a string of legislation known as petty apartheid
Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act 55 of 1949
The Immorality Amendment Act 21 of 1950 forbade “unlawful racial intercourse”
Blacks were not allowed to run businesses or professional practices in “white South Africa” without a permit

6. Apartheid

7. Nelson Mandela

8. Modern Africa The ANC won 62% of the vote in the 1994 election
African National Congress (ANC) member Nelson Mandela, who had been jailed for 27 years, was released on February 11, 1990
The ANC won 62% of the vote in the 1994 election
Mandela often spoke out against apartheid
Mandela won the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize
Served as president of South Africa from

9. Somalia

10. Modern Africa Somalia “Black Hawk Down” 1993
In 1991, Somalia’s president was overthrown leading to warring factions fighting for power which left thousands dead and starving.
Operation Gothic Serpent: US Task Force Rangers, under command of Major William Garrison, aimed to capture leaders of warlord Farrah Aidid’s clan outside of Mogadishu, Somalia on October 3-4, 1993
Two US Black Hawk helicopters were shot down, leading to an urban firefight throughout the night
Estimates say upwards of 1,000 Somali militiamen were killed to US’s 18

12. Rwanda

13. Modern Africa Rwanda Genocide Controlled by Belgium from 1919 to 1962
Most of Rwanda’s population belong to Hutu or Tutsi ethnic groups
For 600 years the two shared business of farming and language/culture
Hutus naturally outnumbered Tutsis
When the Belgians arrived, they favored the Tutsis as more aristocratic in appearance and drove a political wedge between the two ethnic groups

14. Modern Africa Rwanda Genocide (Continued)
Europeans also brought new weapons and Christianity, which taught the Hutu to see themselves as oppressed; in 1956 the Hutu rebellion began
April 6, 1994 the plane carrying Rwanda’s president was shot down and was the trigger needed for the Hutus planed ‘Final Solution’ and started the genocide
Hutus killed Tutsis with mostly machetes and clubs killing as many as 800,000

16. Machetes

18. Darfur

19. Modern Africa
Darfur
Located in western Sudan and formerly controlled by Egypt and the UK
Civilians have been killed, tortured, raped, displaced, & homes burnt
Since 2003, 300,000 men, women, and children have died and 2.6 million have been displaced from their homes and live in refugee camps
The government of Sudan and the Janjawid or Janjaweed are responsible
Janjawid: term used to describe mostly armed gunmen in Darfur
In the past, Janjawid have been at odds with Darfur’s population over natural grazing grounds and farmland as rainfall and water became scarce
Humanitarian efforts have been difficult due to the remoteness of the area, attacks by armed assailants on aid workers, and roads being under Janjawid control
The UN and Amnesty International are attempting to move in and stop the atrocities today but a peaceful political end has not yet been achieved

20. Janjaweed

21. Refugee Camp

23. Modern Africa
AIDS Epidemic
Sub-Saharan Africa is more heavily affected by HIV and AIDS than any other region of the world
It is estimated that 22.5 million people are living with HIV in the region (2/3rd of global total)
In 2009 alone, 1.3 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa died of AIDS and another 1.8 million became infected with HIV
AIDS continues to devastate Sub-Saharan Africa, rolling back decades of development progress
Many children are infected at birth: mothers who have HIV have about a % chance of passing it on to their child during birth without intervention
Challenges and Effects:
Providing health care
Reducing annual toll of HIV infections by enabling individuals to protect themselves
Coping with millions of AIDS deaths ---> orphans
Reduction of economic productivity and economic growth

26. Modern Africa Recent Events in Egypt and Libya
Africans are rebelling against tyrannical leadership and oppression
Due to European colonization, Africa is just now trying to catch up to the West