1. The Revolutionary Period VUS.4

2. VUS.4 The student will demonstrate knowledge of events and issues of the Revolutionary Period by The student will demonstrate knowledge of events and issues of the Revolutionary Period by –Analyzing John Locke and Thomas Payne’s ideas, and writings and how they shaped the Declaration of Independence. –Describing the political differences among the colonists concerning separation from Britain –Analyzing reasons for Colonial victory in the Revolutionary War

3. Background Information In the 18 th century, Europeans were involved in a series of large scale wars, in which Britain’s power was steadily growing. In the 18 th century, Europeans were involved in a series of large scale wars, in which Britain’s power was steadily growing. The Seven years war, which started in North America and spread around the world, was called the French and Indian war (French & Indians on one side and British and the Colonists on the other) The Seven years war, which started in North America and spread around the world, was called the French and Indian war (French & Indians on one side and British and the Colonists on the other)

4. By 1763 the British had Defeated the French decisively. The French lost their holdings in North America. By 1763 the British had Defeated the French decisively. The French lost their holdings in North America. The war was expensive and Britain was nearly bankrupt and still had many obligations to meet. The war was expensive and Britain was nearly bankrupt and still had many obligations to meet. The colonists were prospering, some said that they had the highest per capita income. The colonists were prospering, some said that they had the highest per capita income.

5. Key Questions? What events and ideas led to the American Declaration of Independence? What events and ideas led to the American Declaration of Independence? How did attitudes toward independence divide the colonists? How did attitudes toward independence divide the colonists? How did Americans win their independence? How did Americans win their independence?

6. British vs Colonial Interests Britain used a trading system called Mercantilism to try and help boost their treasury, this meant restrictions on trade with other European nations for the Colonists. Britain used a trading system called Mercantilism to try and help boost their treasury, this meant restrictions on trade with other European nations for the Colonists. Britain tried to avoid expensive conflict with the Indians by making the Proclamation of 1763 barring the colonists from moving west of the Appalachians, the colonists George Washington included had been busy acquiring western lands. Britain tried to avoid expensive conflict with the Indians by making the Proclamation of 1763 barring the colonists from moving west of the Appalachians, the colonists George Washington included had been busy acquiring western lands.

7. The third conflict came from the British attempt to tax the colonists to pay expenses related to paying for the French and Indian War. While these taxes only put a minor dent in the colonists actual prosperity and freedom, the colonists sense of justice and fairness was deeply offended. The third conflict came from the British attempt to tax the colonists to pay expenses related to paying for the French and Indian War. While these taxes only put a minor dent in the colonists actual prosperity and freedom, the colonists sense of justice and fairness was deeply offended.

8. John Locke Advocated a new relationship of people to their rulers Advocated a new relationship of people to their rulers In his second treatise of government he wrote all people are free and equal and have natural rights of life liberty and property that rulers can not take away. In his second treatise of government he wrote all people are free and equal and have natural rights of life liberty and property that rulers can not take away. Government was a “Social contract” among people to protect these rights. Government was a “Social contract” among people to protect these rights.

9. Thomas Paine Wrote Common Sense Wrote Common Sense Listed reasons why colonists should be free Listed reasons why colonists should be free –“a government of our own is our natural right.” –“the period of debate is closed. Arms as a last resource decide the contest.”

10. PATRIOTS-THESE WERE THE COLONISTS WHO SUPPORTED THE MOVEMENT FOR INDEPENDENCE. PATRIOTS-THESE WERE THE COLONISTS WHO SUPPORTED THE MOVEMENT FOR INDEPENDENCE. LOYALISTS- THESE WERE COLONISTS WHO WERE DISAGREED WITH THE DECLARATION AND WERE STILL LOYAL TO THE KING. LOYALISTS- THESE WERE COLONISTS WHO WERE DISAGREED WITH THE DECLARATION AND WERE STILL LOYAL TO THE KING. NEUTRALS- THESE WERE COLONISTS WHO REMAINED NEUTRAL AND FAVORED NEITHER SIDE NEUTRALS- THESE WERE COLONISTS WHO REMAINED NEUTRAL AND FAVORED NEITHER SIDE

11. Why did Americans win the War! Colonies were 3,000 ocean miles from England Colonies were 3,000 ocean miles from England 13 colonies had 1,000 miles of coastline 13 colonies had 1,000 miles of coastline Washington used a strategy of attrition rather than beating the British in a direct military confrontation. Washington used a strategy of attrition rather than beating the British in a direct military confrontation. The French supplied $$, Troops, a Navy, & other war material. The French supplied $$, Troops, a Navy, & other war material. Colonists were fighting for their own homes and freedom rather than for the King Colonists were fighting for their own homes and freedom rather than for the King

12. What makes American Revolution different from all the rest? It succeeded where all others have failed. It succeeded where all others have failed. –French Revolution had failed –Russian Revolution had failed American Revolution had gone through 2 phases: American Revolution had gone through 2 phases: –Tearing down the old –Putting up the new

13. Washington’s Genius Washington realized it wasn’t important to win all the battles in the Revolution. It was more important to hold his forces together long enough to wear out the British will to continue fighting. Washington realized it wasn’t important to win all the battles in the Revolution. It was more important to hold his forces together long enough to wear out the British will to continue fighting.

14. Conclusion Combined with Washington’s genius it was important that Benjamin Franklin had negotiated the treaty of alliance with the French. Combined with Washington’s genius it was important that Benjamin Franklin had negotiated the treaty of alliance with the French. Enlightened thinkers such as Locke and Thomas Paine had helped the colonists see themselves in a new and different light with the people in a contract with the government over there natural rights. Enlightened thinkers such as Locke and Thomas Paine had helped the colonists see themselves in a new and different light with the people in a contract with the government over there natural rights.

15. Why did the colonies rebel against England? Why did the colonies rebel against England? Proclamation of 1763 Proclamation of 1763 How did the Revolutionary War End? How did the Revolutionary War End? Stamp Act, Sugar Act, etc. When they occurred and what they did. Stamp Act, Sugar Act, etc. When they occurred and what they did. Timeline of events during the war Timeline of events during the war Results of the Revolutionary War Results of the Revolutionary War John Locke's writings John Locke's writings Thomas Paine's writings Thomas Paine's writings How did America get the French onboard How did America get the French onboard Compare the Resources America and England had Compare the Resources America and England had Be sure to Study!!!! The following