1. What’s the MATTER, part I

2. Matter:  Anything that has mass and takes up space Matter is made up of building blocks: atom – smallest unit of an element. element – a pure substance made of only one kind of atom. compound – made of two or more atoms that are chemically combined.

3. FYI (good bonus questions!!!)  90% of the Earth’s crust is made up of only 5 elements: Oxygen49.2% Silicon25.7 % Aluminum 7.5% Iron 4.7% Calcium 3.4%

4. States of Matter  Solid- Definite volume and shape Particles are tightly packed Slight expansion when heated Incompressible

5.  Liquid- Has definite volume, but no definite shape (assumes the shape of the container) Particles are loosely packed (can flow) Easily expand when heated Considered incompressible

6.  Gas- No definite shape or volume Expand to fill the container Particles are spaced far apart Compressible

7.  Plasma- Consists of electrically charged particles It’s an ionized gas Common in space, but very rare on Earth Found in lightning, fluorescent lights and neon signs

8. Energy Amounts in States of Matter  Solid- little energy, particles vibrate and rotate  Liquid- more energy, they move freely  Gas- even more energy, move quickly  Plasma- most energy, move extremely fast

9. States of Matter a.k.a. Phases of Matter Solid Liquid Gas Energy

10. Names of Phase Changes  Solid to Liquid= Melting  Liquid to Gas= Boiling/evaporation  Gas to Liquid= Condensation  Liquid to Solid= Freezing  Solid to Gas= Sublimation  Gas to Solid= Deposition

11. Properties of Matter  2 Types: Extensive – depend on the amount of the sample Examples =volume mass length weight

12. Properties of Matter (cont.) Intensive – does not depend on the amount of the sample Examples =density melting point boiling point malleability ductility color odor