1. 18.2 The Spanish-American War (1898)
IDENTIFY: The causes and key events of the war
UNDERSTAND: How the US acquired Spanish colonies.

3. WHAT WERE THE CAUSES OF THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR?
Jose Martí leading fight for Cuban independence from Spain
Spanish General Valeriano Weyler cracks down on Cuba, creates “concentration camps,” thousands die of hunger & disease
Hearst and Pulitzer’s US papers fuel war fever with orange journalism
De Lome Letter: criticizes Pres. McKinley
The explosion of the USS Maine Feb. 15, 1898
Hearst and Pulitzer’s US papers fuel war fever with yellow journalism

4. USS Maine before…

5. …USS Maine after

7. Why did McKinley call for war with Spain?
Popular
Business interests
Spanish “despotism”
Columbia incident
Yellow Press/jingoism
Maine Incident

8. Timeline of Spanish-American War
February 15, 1898
April 20, 1898
May 1, 1898
July 25, 1898
August 12, 1898
February 6, 1899

9. Spanish-American War
Q: Who had the advantage at the beginning of the war?
A: Spain had more soldiers and a bigger navy
Q: How did the Philippines become involved?
A: UNDER-Secretary Teddy Roosevelt ordered Commodore George Dewey to attack Manila

10. Timeline of Spanish-American War
February 15, 1898
Battleship Maine mysteriously explodes and sinks near the Cuban coast, 260 Americans die
April 20, 1898
United States goes to war with Spain
May 1, 1898
Admiral Dewey steams into Manila Bay and destroys Spanish fleet
July 1, 1898
Battle of san Juan Hill (Santiago, the capital, falls on July 17, 1898)
July 25, 1898
United States troops invade Puerto Rico
August 12, 1898
United States and Spain sign armistice (cease fire)
February 6, 1899
Senate passes Treaty of Paris

11. Who are the Rough Riders?
regiment of American volunteers , including cowboys, polo players, ex-convicts…and Teddy Roosevelt
Why are they historically significant?

12. “Rough Riders” http://www.loc.gov/rr/hispanic/1898/img/grprord.jpg

13. Who is missing from this picture?
Charge of San Juan Hill Historical Significance: Establishes reputation of TR and the United States as a world power.
Painting by Frederic Remington
Who is missing from this picture?

14. http://lcweb2. loc. gov/cgi-bin/query/r

15. Buffalo Soldiers

16. OUTCOMES p. 534 379 US combat deaths, 5000+ deaths from disease
Treaty of Paris of 1898:
-Cuba “freed”
-Guam and Puerto Rico are US possessions
-Philippines purchased for $20 million then
annexed to US
Platt Amendment
Increase in American prestige abroad

18. What were the arguments for expanding America’s empire?

19. MOTIVATING IDEAS OF IMPERIALISM
NATIONAL HONOR
COMMERCE
RACIAL SUPERIORITY
ALTRUISM
“And one night it came to me this way-I don’t know how it was, but it came: (1) that we could not give them back to Spain – that would be cowardly and dishonorable; (2) that we could not turn them over to France or Germany-our commercial rivals in the Orient that would be bad business and discreditable; (3) that we could not leave them to themselves – the were unfit for self-government and they would soon have anarchy and misrule over there worse than Spain’s was; and (4) that there was nothing left for us to do but to take them all, and to educate they Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Christianize them, and by God’s grace do the very best we could by them, as our fellowmen for whom Christ also died. And then I went to bed, and went to sleep and slept soundly.”
-President McKinley; reflecting on what to do with the Philippines after the Spanish American war.

20. 18.3: Acquiring New Lands
OBJECTIVE: Understand how US imperialism developed and how the US acquired Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines

21. What were the arguments against expanding America’s empire?