1. Organic compounds

2. A compound is organic when it contains C, H, usually O, and energy.

3. The main four Carbohydrates: aka carbs or carbos. Quick source of energy. ALWAYS HAVE C, H, and O.

4. Carbs:

6. Organic compounds Carbohydrates: example glucose C 6 H 12 O 6

9. Organic compounds Lipids: fats, waxes, oils, steroids. LOTS of energy. Animal fat bad Plant fat good

10. Cells use lipids for energy storage, insulation, and protective coatings. Major components of the membrane that surround all living cells

11. Glycerol + fatty acids

12. Unsaturated vs Saturated fats

13. Organic compounds Proteins: Chains of amino acids, contain N. (enzymes are proteins)

14. Proteins

15. Provide structure for tissue and organs and carry out cell metabolism. Metabolism: all the chemical reactions that occur within an organism. The basic building blocks are amino acids (a.a.) A structural building block of many organism Enzymes are proteins

16. AMINO ACID

17. Protein functions: Important for contraction of muscle tissue, transporting oxygen in the blood stream, providing immunity, regulation of proteins, and carrying out reactions. Example: Enzyme

19. Enzyme

21. Organic compounds Nucleic Acids: DNA, RNA. Which is basically sugar with phosphates.

22. Nucleic Acids A complex macromolecule that stores cellular information in the form of a code smaller subunits are nucleotides

25. Synthesis Vs. Decomposition Synthesis: chemical reactions in order to get a product Decomposition: chemical reactions in order to break up products

26. Synthesis Vs. Decomposition Anabolism: Synthesis, requires energy. A + B + energy  AB

27. Examples of Anabolism: Increased body size Fat storage growth muscle build up.

28. Anabolic hormones Growth hormone Testosterone estrogen

29. Synthesis Vs. Decomposition Catabolism: Decomposition, releases energy AB  A + B + energy

30. Breaks down larger molecules (decomposition). releases energy for the maintenance of living cells.

31. Synthesis Vs. Decomposition Examples of decomposition: Fat break down Metabolism

33. Acids and Bases pH is a measurement of Hydrogen ion (H + ) in a solution. Acid = High H + low OH - Base= Low H + High OH -

34. pH Scale The scale goes from 1 to 14. 1-6 are acidic 7 is neutral 8-14 are basic

36. pH Bloods pH is about 7.35-7.45. So is our blood basic or acidic?

38. If the pH is altered below or above the norm it will disrupt the stability of cell membranes, alter protein structure, and change the activities of important enzymes. Below 7.35-acidosis Above 7.45-alkalosis Affects the nervous system and cardiovascular system.

39. pH Scale Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base.