1. Unit 2 Test Review

2. The Dawes Act was passed in an effort to do what to the Native Americans? Chapter 5 “Americanize” them

3. What does bimetallism refer to? Chapter 5 The idea of backing the monetary system with both gold and silver.

4. What lead to the end of Populism? Chapter 5 The presidential election on 1896 when William McKinley beat William Jennings Bryan.

5. Name one invention and its inventor that came out of the expansion of industry. Chapter 6 Incandescent light bulb: Thomas Edison Typewriter: Charles Sholes Telephone: Alexander Graham Bell

6. What did the railroads adopt in 1883 to help unify time? Chapter 6 Time Zones

7. What did Pullman refuse to do for his workers after cutting their pay? Chapter 6 Lower their rent

8. Name one reason the Grangers took political action against the railroads. Chapter 6 Railroads sold gov. land grants to businesses instead of settlers, they fixed prices to keep farmers in debt, they charged higher rates when farmers had no transportation alternative, and they charged different rates to different customers.

9. Explain either Carnegie’s business model of vertical integration or horizontal integration. Chapter 6 Vertical: Buy out suppliers and distributers for control of production from beginning to end. Horizontal: Buy out all direct competition (same market, same level)

10. Name one reason why people chose to leave their home countries in the late 19 th century. Chapter 7 Religious Persecution, Rising Populations, Scarcity of Land and jobs, and to become more independent from their families.

11. Name one reason why people chose to come to America after they decided to leave their home countries in the late 19 th century. Chapter 7 Religious freedom, rumors of low population, and abundance of land and jobs, and a more politically independent scene.

12. What are Ellis and Angel Islands? Chapter 7 Famous East and West Coast Immigration Stations

13. What does Nativism mean? Chapter 7 Favoring those born in the U.S. over recent immigrants.

14. Name two of the biggest challenges to Urbanization. Chapter 7 Housing, Transportation, Water, Sanitation, Crime and Fire

15. The Social Gospel Movement preached that salvation came from serving whom? Chapter 7 The poor

16. During the Gilded Age, what was a Political Machine? Chapter 7 A corrupt and organized group that controlled the activities of a political party at a city level

17. Explain graft. Chapter 7 The illegal use of political influence for personal gain.

18. Who or what exposed the graft of New York City’s Boss Tweed? Chapter 7 Thomas Nast’s political cartoon

19. Define patronage. Chapter 7 Giving government jobs to people who helped a candidate get elected.

20. What was used to fight patronage during the Gilded Age? Chapter 7 The Pendleton Civil Service Act

21. What are Orville and Wilbur Wright best known for? Chapter 8 First Flight

22. The Niagara Movement said that blacks should seek a liberal arts education for what reason? Chapter 8 So that the African-American community could gain well-educated leaders.

23. What were segregation laws for? Chapter 8 To separate white and black (or other minority) communities

24. The Supreme Court Case of Plessy v Fergusen established what doctrine? Chapter 8 “Separate but equal” is okay

25. What industry were Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst giants of? Chapter 8 Newspaper industry

26. Name one new leisure sport that gained popularity during the late 1800’s and early 1900’s. Chapter 8 Bicycling, Boxing, Baseball or Tennis.