2. Five Themes How did Europe interact with the world?How did Europe interact with the world? What was the difference between poverty and prosperity?What was the difference between poverty and prosperity? What was their objective knowledge and their subjective vision?What was their objective knowledge and their subjective vision? What states or institutions had power?What states or institutions had power? How did the individual and society act?How did the individual and society act?

3. PeriodizationPeriodization Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500

4. Europe in the 6c

5. The Medieval Catholic Church  filled the power vacuum left from the collapse of the classical world.  monasticism:  St. Benedict – Benedictine Rule of poverty, chastity, and obedience.  provided schools for the children of the upper class.  inns, hospitals, refuge in times of war.  libraries & scriptoria to copy books and illuminate manuscripts.  monks  missionaries to the barbarians. [St. Patrick, St. Boniface]

6. The Power of the Medieval Church  bishops and abbots played a large part in the feudal system.  the church controlled about 1/3 of the land in Western Europe.  tried to curb feudal warfare  only 40 days a year for combat.  curb heresies  crusades; Inquisition  tithe  1/10 tax on your assets given to the church.  Peter’s Pence  1 penny per person [paid by the peasants].

7. A Medieval Monk’s Day

8. A Medieval Monastery: The Scriptorium

9. Illuminated Manuscripts

10. Romanesque Architectural Style e Rounded Arches. e Barrel vaults. e Thick walls. e Darker, simplistic interiors. e Small windows, usually at the top of the wall.

11. Charlemagne: 742 to 814

12. Charlemagne’s Empire

13. Pope Crowned Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800

14. The Carolingian Renaissance

15. Carolingian Miniscule

16. The Rise of European Monarchies: England

17. Charlemagne’s Empire Collapses: Treaty of Verdun, 843

18. FeudalismFeudalism A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty and military service.

19. Carcassonne: A Medieval Castle

20. Parts of a Medieval Castle

21. The Road to Knighthood KNIGHT SQUIRE PAGE

22. Chivalry: A Code of Honor and Behavior

23. The Medieval Manor

24. Life on the Medieval Manor Serfs at work

26. William the Conqueror: Battle of Hastings, 1066 (Bayeaux Tapestry)

27. Evolution of England’s Political System  Henry I:  William’s son.  set up a court system.  Exchequer  dept. of royal finances.  Henry II:  established the principle of common law throughout the kingdom.  grand jury.  trial by jury.

28. Evolution of England’s Political System  Henry I:  William’s son.  set up a court system.  Exchequer  dept. of royal finances.  Henry II:  established the principle of common law throughout the kingdom.  grand jury.  trial by jury.

29. Magna Carta, 1215  King John I   Runnymeade  “Great Charter”  monarchs were not above the law.  kings had to consult a council of advisors.  kings could not tax arbitrarily.

30. The Beginnings of the British Parliament  Great Council:  middle class merchants, townspeople [burgesses in Eng., bourgeoisie in Fr., burghers in Ger.] were added at the end of the 13c.  eventually called Parliament.  by 1400, two chambers evolved: o House of Lords  nobles & clergy. o House of Commons  knights and burgesses.

31. The Rise of European Monarchies: France

32. Gothic Architectural Style e Pointed arches. e High, narrow vaults. e Thinner walls. e Flying buttresses. e Elaborate, ornate, airier interiors. e Stained-glass windows. “Flying” Buttresses

33. Pope Urban II: Preaching a Crusade

34. Setting Out on Crusade

35. Christian Crusades: East and West

36. Medieval Universities

37. Oxford University

38. Late Medieval Town Dwellings

39. Medieval Trade

40. Medieval Guilds Guild Hall   Commercial Monopoly:  C ontrolled membership apprentice  journeyman  master craftsman  Controlled quality of the product [masterpiece].  Controlled prices

41. Medieval Guilds: A Goldsmith’s Shop

42. Crest of a Cooper’s Guild

43. Five Themes How did Europe interact with the world?How did Europe interact with the world? What was the difference between poverty and prosperity?What was the difference between poverty and prosperity? What was their objective knowledge and their subjective vision?What was their objective knowledge and their subjective vision? What states or institutions had power?What states or institutions had power? How did the individual and society act?How did the individual and society act?