1. ELAR 8

2. Expresses an action that is repeated or usual. I play tennis. Grandma forgets her purse. Expresses a fact or generalization. (does not matter is the fact is correct or not). Cats like milk. Riverwood students study for tests. Expresses scheduled events in the near future The train leaves tonight. Classes begin in August. The party starts after Morgan arrives.

3. a completed action in the past I walked to work. Last year, I traveled to Japan. Sally fought with her sisters. Ian ate three pizzas for lunch. a series of actions completed in the past. I drove to Galveston, parked my car, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim. an action that starts and stops in the past. I sat on the beach all day. Carly lived in Brazil for three years.

4. To express an ongoing action am, is, are + present participle (ing) Jennifer is studying Spanish. The students are reading their AR books. Can also express an action in the near future I am meeting Juan Pablo after work.

5. an action that was happening at some time in the past was or were + present participle I was studying for the test. an interrupted action in the past I was watching TV when she called. Justin was listening to his Ipod, so he didn’t hear the doorbell. The children were anticipating the arrival of Santa Claus.

6. An action that began in the past but continues or is completed in the present. has or have + past participle I have studied for the test. Jason has seen The Lion King thirteen times. Man has walked on the moon. James has not finished his cereal. “My, you have grown,” exclaimed Aunt Tilly.

7. an action that began in the past and was completed in the past. had + past participle The students had studied for the vocabulary test. By the time he graduated, Alex had been in college for ten years. She had never seen a bear before she moved to Alaska. Had you studied Japanese before you moved to Japan?

8. will + verb I will finish my AR book. Ninth grade will be an exciting transition. shall + verb We shall dine at eight. am/is/are + going to + verb Jennifer is going to run a marathon.